High-pressure mineral physics is a field that is strongly driven by the development of new technology. Fifty years ago, when experimentally achievable pressures were limited to just 25 GPa, little was known about the mineralogy of the Earth’s lower mantle. Silicate perovskite, the likely dominant mineral of the deep Earth, was identified only when the high-pressure techniques broke the pressure barrier of 25 GPa in the 1970s. However, as the maximum achievable pressure reached beyond 1 Megabar (100 GPa) and even to the pressure of Earth’s core on minute samples, new discoveries were increasingly fostered by the development of new analytical techniques and improvements in sensitivity and precision of existing techniques.

This volume includes a number of papers presented to the 4th International Congress on Jurassic Stratigraphy and Geology held in Mendoza, Argentina between October 18th and 23rd, 1994, under the sponsorship of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS), the International Subcommission on Jurassic Stratigraphy (ISJS), the Argentine Geological Society of Argentina and the Argentine Stratigraphical Committee.

In this book we decided to attach the permil sign (‰) to all Li isotopic quantities. One way of viewing stable isotopes denoted by δ is that the arithmetic sets the results as being part-per-thousand quantities, so to place the ‰ on a value is redundant. However, this implies a certain familiarity from the reader. Our decision regarding the ‰ in this volume was guided by the potential that the audience may include those not so steeped in the thinking of stable isotopes. This calls to mind a historical note regarding Li isotopes. Readers of the early literature on the subject (beginning with Chan in 1987) will find papers that use δ6Li. Prior to 2000, using the now-accepted δ7Li notation was viewed as an unwanted usurpation by at least one prominent geochemist. Nevertheless, being clear is important, and although δ7Li was not the first notation employed, it follows stable isotope convention. We find that students have a hard enough time understanding isotope geochemistry, so to oppose the notation used in virtually all systems (positive values are isotopically heavier than negative values) invites confusion. Hence, our use of the ‰ is a further step to make this compilation clear for all.

Minerals are the backbone of all types of industry and energy technologies, providing them with the necessary materials. The book advances in minerals research is a rich reference for all those interested in minerals research and industry. Researchers will find in this book recent experimental results and in-depth discussions. Academics, graduate, and undergraduate students will find reviews and fundamental material. Beginners and research followers will find introductory material and basics to start their way. The book includes ten chapters described briefly in the following paragraphs.