The results of the data analysis for a geochemistry relational database to hold the UK, land-based datasets currently managed by the Minerals and Geochemical Surveys Division plus some other geochemical datasets held by BGS are presented in full in the form of a geochemistry data model.

Geochemical mapping programs carried out by the Geological Survey of Sweden (SGU) have generated large databases containing information on the concentrations of chemical elements in rocks, surface sediments and biogeochemical materials. Regional geochemical data being imprecise, multivariate, spatially auto-correlated and non-normally distributed pose specific problems to the choice of data analysis methods. Commonly several methods are combined, and the choice of techniques depends on the characteristics of data as well as the purpose of study.

A large regional geochemical data set of O-horizon samples from a 188,000 km2 area in the European Arctic, analysed for 38 chemical elements, pH, electrical conductivity (both in a water extraction) and loss on ignition (LOI, 480 oC), was used to test the influence of different variants of cluster analysis on the results obtained. Due to the nature of regional geochemical data (neither normal nor log-normal, strongly skewed, often multi-modal data distributions),

Geochemistry has led to numerous success stories in mineral exploration. From the relatively simple colorimetric stream sediment analysis through to sophisticated, high technology, isotope geochemical tools, exploration geochemistry has enjoyed a rapid growth and evolution during the second half of the twentieth century. But where is geochemistry heading in the new millennium? This is the issue that this conference seeks to address. <...>

The transfer of small quantities of materials has become an important yet underutilized type of evidence at many crime scenes including hit-and-run accidents and other violent crimes. Although the utility of trace elemental analyses and comparisons for glass and paint fragments by sophisticated methods such as laser ablation inductively coupled plasma (LA-ICP-MS) has been shown to offer a high degree of discrimination between different sources of these materials, the high expense and sophistication of this technique has limited the adoption of this technology by the typical forensic laboratory, although there are now approximately 5 forensic laboratories in the U.S. with LA-ICP-MS capabilities.

Кимберлиты - основной в мире, а в России пока и единственный коренной источник промышленных алмазов. Уникальность кимберлитовых пород заключается в том, что они, как содержащие барофильную ассоциацию минералов, предоставляют возможность изучения мантийного петрогенезиса. Несмотря на непрерывный поток публикаций по кимберлитовой тематике, который начался с открытия Якутской кимберлитовой провинции, кимберлитовые породы остаются одним из самых интересных объектов исследований в геологии.

The processes occurring in the upper several meters of marine sediments1 have a profound effect on the local and global cycling of many elements. For example, the balance between carbon preservation and remineralization represents the key link between carbon cycling in active surface reservoirs in the oceans, in the atmosphere, and on land, and carbon that cycles on much longer, geological time scales—in sedimentary rock, and in coal and petroleum deposits (Berner, 1989; Hedges, 1992).

This book was inspired by the transition of Raman spectroscopy from a technically demanding research technique to a useful and practical method of chemical analysis. There are many fine texts and thousands of scientific articles on research in Raman spectroscopy, primarily oriented toward understanding the Raman effect itself and using Raman scattering to probe molecular structure and dynamics.

This volume highlights some of the frontiers in the study of plastic deformation of minerals and rocks. The research into the plastic properties of minerals and rocks had a major peak in late 1960s to early 1970s, largely stimulated by research in the laboratory of D.T. Griggs and his students and associates. Tt is the same time when the theoiy of plate tectonics was established and provided a first quantitative theoretical framework for understanding geological processes. The theory of plate tectonics stimulated the study of deformation properties of Earth materials, both in the brittle and the ductile regimes.