Over the past two decades, private companies have made increasing efforts at the global level to promote corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the environmental, labor, and human rights realms. This book traces private sector initiatives at the global, or international, level to promote social and environmental standards applicable to the mining sector.

The objective of this chapter is to provide a foundation for the rest of the Handbook. It does so by initially describing the history and outlining the purpose, which is then followed by a definition of its structure or organization, which is immediately succeeded by a Reader’s Guide for each chapter. Finally, it alerts the wader to the current rush of events that make for a short shelf life for some of the presented information, especially laws in force and controlling political events. Nevertheless, this Handbook is designed to be more a manual stressing basic principles that change little, rather than a textbook supplier of details that are constantly in transition. As such, the Authors and Editors have tried to focus upon more universal design concepts in the field. Even if specific examples become dated, the Handbook is meant to be an enduring repository of basic engineering theories that form the foundation of environmental protection in the mining industry.  <...>

The term rare earths denotes the group of 17 chemically similar metallic elements that includes scandium, yttrium, and the lanthanides (Spedding 1978; Connelly et al. 2005). The lanthanides are the series of elements with atomic numbers 57 to 71, all of which, except promethium, occur in nature. The rare-earth elements, being chemically similar to one another, invariably occur together in minerals and behave as a single chemical entity. Thus, the discovery of the rare earths themselves occurred over a period of nearly 160 years, from 1787 to 1941 (Szabadvary 1988; Weeks 1956).

This book is written as a practical field manual to be used by geologists engaged in mineral exploration. It is also hoped that it will serve as a text and reference for students in Applied Geology courses of universities and colleges. The book aims to outline some of the practical skills that turn the graduate geologist into an explorationist:. It is intended as a practical 'how to' book, rather than as a text on geological or ore deposit theory. An explorationist is a professional who searches for ore bodies in a scientific and structured way. Although an awkward and artificial term, this is the only available word to describe the totality of the skills which are needed to locate and define economic mineralization.

In early August 2012, following failed wage negotiations and civil unrest, about three thousand striking platinum miners employed by Lonmin plc gathered on a hill close to the town of Marikana in the North West province of South Africa. Nine out of ten Lonmin miners were migrants, mainly from the Eastern Cape, who lived next to the mine in squalid shacks and informal settlements.1 During a confrontation on 16 August, police opened fre, wounding 78 miners and killing 34 others. Many of those killed and injured were shot in the back.

It is necessary to define some fundamental terms that will provide indispensable background for the entire book. The first term to be explained deals with the title of the book: mineral resources. A mineral resource can be defined broadly as the concentration of material of economic interest in or on the Earth’s crust. In this book, it includes solid earth materials such as metals (i.e., copper, gold, iron),

В книге рассмотрены результаты работ по совершенствованию технологии подземной и открытой разработки марганцевых руд в Никопольском бассейне.
Приведены способы вскрытия и подготовки шахтных полей, порядок их отработки, системы разработки, способы управления кровлей, механизация и автоматизация основных и вспомогательных процессов при подземной разработке марганцевых руд, а также способы вскрытия и системы разработки, механизация и автоматизация основных и вспомогательных производственных процессов при открытой разработке марганцевых руд. Дан экономический анализ подземного и открытого способов разработки, а также способов обогащения марганцевой руды.
Даны сведения о развитии обогащения марганцевых руд, анализ современных методов обогащения, применяемые машины и оборудование, технико-экономические показатели.
Книга предназначена для инженерно-технических работников производства, проектных и научно-исследовательских организаций, а также может быть полезна студентам горных вузов

Mine designers often face difficulties in selecting an appropriate mining method; however, such a method should be selected based on ore and rock characteristics. The selection of mining methods can be considered a type of multi-criteria decision making, and this depends on many factors used in the selection process.

Mining method selection is the most fundamental activity of a mining study, because everything else depends on it. It is a process whereby the mining method attributes are matched to the orebody characteristics. This crucial decision must invariably be made at a stage of the study when the least information is available.