The Moon held little interest for most scientists after its basic astronomic properties had been determined and before direct exploration appeared likely (Wright and others, 1963; Baldwin, 1978). Speculations about its internal structure, composition, and origin were only broadly constrained by cosmochemical data from meteorites and solar spectra, and by astronomic data about its size, shape, motions, and surficial properties (Urey, 1951, 1952; Kuiper, 1954). Most investigators who were active before the space age began in 1957 believed that significant new advances in lunar knowledge required acquisition of additional data.

Приведены данные по использованию торфяных ресурсов Республики Беларусь за прошедшие годы и поставлены новые задачи, вызванные современными реалиями. Проанализированы критерии и методика выделения торфяных месторождений для комплексного использования, представлены по всем областям республики торфяные месторождения и их характеристики, пригодные для комплексного освоения на ближайшую и отдаленную перспективу с указанием пригодности для производства конкретных групп продукции.

Книга написана по материалам диссертация автора (Читалин А.Ф. «Тектоника и история формирования палеозойской структуры Спасского антиклинория и его обрамления». Дисс. на соискание ученой степени кандидата геолого-минералогических наук. Москва, 1985 г с.245), которую он подготовил под руководством доктора геологоминералогических наук профессора Ю.А. Зайцева на кафедре исторической и региональной геологии и Московского Государственного Университета им. М.В. Ломоносова. Диссертация была успешно защищена в 1985 г. по специальности 04.00.04 геотектоника на диссертационном совете геологического фаультета МГУ. <...>

The CIM Estimation of Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserves Best Practice Guidelines (MRMR Best Practice Guidelines) were prepared by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum's (CIM) Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserves Committee (CIM MRMR Committee) to update an earlier version that was accepted by CIM Council on November 23, 2003 (CIM, 2003). These 2019 MRMR Best Practice Guidelines supersede and replace the November 23, 2003 version of the MRMR Guidelines <...>

This book contains chapters presented at the International workshop ‘Minerals as Advanced Materials I’ that was held in the hotel of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Imandra lake, Kola peninsula, one of the most beautiful places of the Russian North, during 8–12 July, 2007. The idea of the workshop originated from the necessity of interactions between mineralogy and material science, including all aspects of both these disciplines. Many important materials that dominate modern technological development were known to mineralogists for hundreds years, though their properties were not fully recognized. Mineralogy, on the other hand, needs new impacts for the further development in the line of modern scientific achievements, including novel insights provided by development of bio- and nanotechnologies as well as by the understanding of a deep role that information plays in the formation of natural structures and definition of natural processes. <...>

Crystal-structure analysis has become one of the most essential tools in chemistry and related disciplines. Several hundreds of thousands of crystal structures have been determined in the course of the years. The results obtained from 1931 to 1990 were published year by year in Strukturbericht [1], later Structure Reports [2]. Nowadays, crystal structures are deposited in several large databases [3–8]. However, the mere accumulation of data is only of restricted value if it lacks a systematic order and if the scientific interpretation of the data leaves much to be desired. <...>

Estimating mineral resources from drill hole data is an activity that is fraught with difficulty. Most classical statisticians would regard the data for  any ore reserve estimate as dangerously inadequate. This would often apply even in cases where the geologist felt that the deposit had been "overdrilled". <...>

The discipline which is now known as geostatistics began to develope over thirty years ago for mining evaluation and since has extended to other fields of activity. Around 1960 in particular, G. Matheron built linear geostatistics. Some of its tools (variogram, kriging) are widely used nowadays. Linear geostatistics makes it possible for instance to evaluate the metal content of a mining block or panel by estimating the mean of the grades of the points in it from samples. The reader of this book is supposed to be familiar with linear geostatistics. <...>

This manual provides a reference for geologists and engineers attending Snowden’s Advanced Resource Estimation course. The purpose of this course is to skill geologists and mining engineers with the tools to carry out advanced resource estimation techniques.

This introductory chapter presents a discrete approach specially designed for modeling the geometry and the properties of natural objects such as those encountered in biology and geology.