The concept of Rhodes W. Fairbridge of a series of reference works, not only for earth scientists, but also for those of other disciplines wishing ready access to information about the earth sciences, has resulted in the Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences. This now fulfils an important function in the libraries of both institutions and_ individuals. As was the case for previous volumes, contributors to this volume have been asked to include not only background information for those not expert in the particular field, but also data and a bibliography that permit the various aspects of the topic to be followed up.

Short-lived mantle generated magmatic events and their dyke swarms: The key unlocking Earth’s palaeogeographic record back to 2.6 Ga 

W. Bleeker & R. Ernst

Giant dyke swarms and the reconstruction of the Canadian Arctic islands, Greenland, Svalbard and Franz Josef Land 

K.L. Buchan & R. Ernst

AMS criteria for determining the azimuth and dip of a subduction zone from a mafic dyke swarm 

J.-P. Lefort, T. Aпfa & F. Hervй

Palaeo- and Mesoproterozoic dyke swarms in the Lake Ladoga area, NW Russia – palaeomagnetic studies 

S. Mertanen, O. Eklund, A. Shebanov, D. Frank-Kamenetsky & T. Vasilieva

The mechanical properties of minerals constitute a very little investigated field of study compared with other areas of mineral physics. The minerals for w hich all crystallomechanical parameters are known are few, and until now it has not been possible to state unequivocally whether one mechanical property alone could be adequately used in defining most minerals. For this reason, it is essential that the mechanical properties and deformations of minerals be investigated, treating mineral crystallomechanics as a section of mineralogy of importance equal to crystallo-optics and crystallochem-istry. for example. <...>

Regolith – the mantle of in situ and transported weathered material that covers landscapes across the world – presents a major challenge to mineral explorers and natural resource managers.

This guidebook is dedicated to ultramafic-mafic intrusions, volcanic rocks and the world-class PGE-Cu-Ni sulfide deposits of the Noril’sk Province, Polar Siberia. The characteristics of geology, mineralogy and geochemistry of volcanic rocks and ore-bearing ultramafic-mafic intrusions are briefly outlined. The proposed excursion stops include inspection of the different volcanic and intrusive rocks, associated PGE-Cu-Ni sulfide ores from drill cores and bedrock outcrops. In addition, an open pit Medvezhy Ruchei and two mines (Oktyabrsky and Taimyrsky) collectively provide an overview of the Noril’sk-type intrusions and associated disseminated and massive PGE-Cu-Ni sulfide ores.

Олейников Б.В. Металлизация магматических раоплавов и ее петрологические и рудогенетические следствия            
Новгородова М.И. Самородные металлы в рудах гидротермального генезиса
Юсупов Р.Г. Акцессорные самородные металлы в магматических породах основных структурных элементов земной коры
Новгородова М.И., Олейников Б.В. Доказательства природного происхождения самородных элементов и интерыеталлидов в эндогенных образованиях

This work could not even have been attempted, much less completed, without the help of numerous friends and colleagues. In roughly chronological order (my sample collecting formally began in 1985), I extend my sincerest thanks to the following people, beginning with those based in Ohio institutions: N’omi Greber and David Brose, then at the Cleveland Museum of Natural History; Olaf Prufer and Mark Seeman at Kent State University;

Фенноскандинавский щит – один из ключевых докембрийских объектов в мире, изучение которого внесло значительный вклад в понимание процессов развития ранней Земли (Кратц, 1963; Gaal, Gorbatschev, 1987; Ранний…, 2005; Hölttä et al., 2014). На протяжении всей истории изучения щита наиболее острой является проблема соотношений двух крупных структурно-тектонических провинций в его составе – Карельской и Беломорской. Дискуссионность этой проблемы (Шуркин, 1962; Стенарь, 1988; Bogdanova, Bibikova, 1993; Глебовицкий и др., 1996; Слабунов, 2008; Минц и др., 2010; Шарков, Богатиков, 2010; Божко, 2011; Perchuk, Gerya, 2011), в первую очередь, определяется сложностью расшифровки геологической истории Беломорской провинции, которая сложена архейскими и палеопротерозойскими комплексами, претерпевшими разновременные эпизоды структурной и метаморфической переработки (Володичев, 1990; Ранний…, 2005).

Post-Collisional Magmatism and Its Relationship to Late-Variscan Ore Forming Processes in the Erzgebirge (Bohemian Massif)

Постколлизионный магматизм и его связь с поздневарисканскими рудообразующими процессами в Эрцгебирге (Богемский массив)

The main goal of this contribution is to document the possible importance of post-collisional lamprophyre intrusions for late-Variscan ore mineralization in the Erzgebirge (Germany and Czech Republic). Located at the northwestern border of the Bohemian massif in the Internal Variscides, the Erzgebirge is one of the most important silver, tin, tungsten, uranium, lead, zinc, copper, indium, bismuth, cobalt, and fluorite ore deposit provinces in Europe with a mining history of more than 800 years. Because of the close spatial association between late-Variscan ore mineralization and Permo-Carboniferous lamprophyric and rhyolitic intrusions the Erzgebirge is one of the key localities to study the genetic relationship of epigenetic Sn-W-Mo, Ag-base metal, and U deposits with post-collisional, mantle derived magmatic pulses.

The ancients observed and collected rocks that fell from the sky. There are reports of the Romans, Greeks, Egyptians, Japanese, and the natives of North America and other countries collecting them, using them for trade, and putting them in places of importance such as tombs. Modern-age research on such objects opened with the pioneering work of Howard and Bournon (Fig. 1.1).