Theory and practice of high resolution seismic HRS-Geo technology application. Optimizing environment model selection / Теория и практика применения сейсморазведочной технологии HRS-Geo высокого разрешения. Оптимизация выбора модели окружающей среды

This book outlines the scientific, methodological, and practical foundations for the application of the HRS-Geo technology, the purpose of which is to build detailed 2D and 3D seismoacoustic models in the form of effective acoustic impedance (AI), reflection coefficients (RC), and the most important geological indicators for prospecting and industrial exploration of real geological environment. Particular attention is paid to improving the process of searching for the AI and RC model using the vector of objective functions, for which various types of residuals between real and model data are iteratively calculated. Such residuals are estimated from he energy (amplitudes) and the shape of the seismic signal. For these discrepancies, the information content and sensitivity of the amplitude (energy) and phase spectra of the seismic record are analyzed in the frequency domains in which the contribution of the medium model parameters perturbations (elastic wave velocity, medium density, and wave absorption) has a significant effect on the result of seismic record inversion.
The well-known criteria for predicting the oil and gas content of productive deposits are analyzed from the standpoint of the principles of system analysis and the set of geological indicators found from the HRS data. Specific examples are used to consider weak seismic signals in the initial wave field against the background of a high level of noise and reflected waves from strong interfaces. The features of solving the main seismic and geological problems using the HRSGeo technology are shown. Numerous examples are illustrated using a special (optimal) processing graph and a set of additional record regularization procedures that ensure the resolution of seismic data with a seismic record discretization step in time. <...>