Ocean chemistry and deep-sea sediments / Химия океана и глубоководные осадки

This is one of a Series of Volumes on Oceanography. It is designed so that it can be read on its own, like any other textbook, or studied as part of S330 Oceanography, a third level course for Open University students. The science of oceanography as a whole is multidisciplinary. However, different aspects fall naturally within the scope of one or other of the major ‘traditional1 disciplines. Thus, you will get the most out of this Volume if you have some previous experience of studying geology and a certain amount of chemistry. Other Volumes in this Series lie variously within the fields of geology, biology, physics or chemistry.
Chapter 1 begins by explaining why the study of deep-sea sediments is of contemporary interest, and then summarizes the distribution and nature of deep-sea sediments. These include calcareous and siliceous oozes formed from the remains of planktonic organisms, as well as products of terrestrial weathering brought to the sea by rivers, wind and ice.
Chapter 2 reviews the steady-state ocean concept and explains how different constituents can be classified according to their involvement in the biological particle cycle (the formation, destruction and regeneration of organic matter), which is also a major control on residence times in the oceans. A simple two-box model of ocean cycling is introduced and the role of dissolved gases is described, with special reference to oxygen. <...>