Complexity in tsunamis, volcanoes and their hazards / Сложности, связанные с цунами, вулканами и их опасностями

The Encyclopedia of Complexity and System Science Series is a multivolume authoritative source for understanding and applying the basic tenets of complexity and systems theory as well as the tools and measures for analyzing complex systems in science, engineering, and many areas of social, financial, and business interactions. It is written for an audience of advanced university undergraduate and graduate students, professors, and professionals in a wide range of fields who must manage complexity on scales ranging from the atomic and molecular to the societal and global.
Complex systems are systems that comprise many interacting parts with the ability to generate a new quality of collective behavior through selforganization, e.g., the spontaneous formation of temporal, spatial, or functional structures. They are therefore adaptive as they evolve and may contain self-driving feedback loops. Thus, complex systems are much more than a sum of their parts. Complex systems are often characterized as having extreme sensitivity to initial conditions as well as emergent behavior that are not readily predictable or even completely deterministic. The conclusion is that a reductionist (bottom-up) approach is often an incomplete description of a phenomenon. This recognition that the collective behavior of the whole system cannot be simply inferred from the understanding of the behavior of the individual components has led to many new concepts and sophisticated mathematical and modeling tools for application to many scientific, engineering, and societal issues that can be adequately described only in terms of complexity and complex systems. Examples of Grand Scientific Challenges which can be approached through complexity and systems science include: the structure, history, and future of the universe; the biological basis of consciousness; the true complexity of the genetic makeup and molecular functioning of humans (genetics and epigenetics) and other life forms; human longevity limits; unification of the laws of physics; the dynamics and extent of climate change and the effects of climate change; extending the boundaries of and understanding the theoretical limits of computing; sustainability of life on the earth; workings of the interior of the earth; predictability, dynamics, and extent of earthquakes, tsunamis, and other natural disasters; dynamics of turbulent flows and the motion of granular materials; the structure of atoms as expressed in the Standard Model and the formulation of the Standard Model and gravity into a Unified Theory; <...>

Part I Tsunami Processes, Hazards, and Forecasting     
Tsunami Earthquakes     
J. Polet and H. Kanamori
Tsunamis: Stochastic Models of Occurrence and Generation Mechanisms     
Eric L. Geist, David D. Oglesby and Kenny J. Ryan
Wedge Mechanics: Relation with Subduction Zone Earthquakes and Tsunamis     
Kelin Wang, Yan Hu and Jiangheng He
Tsunamis, Inverse Problem of     
Kenji Satake
Tsunamis: Bayesian Probabilistic Analysis     
Anita Grezio, Stefano Lorito, Tom Parsons and Jacopo Selva
Tsunami Inundation, Modeling of     
Patrick J. Lynett
Tsunami Sedimentology     
Pedro J. M. Costa and S. Dawson
Tsunami from the Storegga Landslide     
Stein Bondevik
Tsunamis Effects in Man-Made Environment     
Harry Yeh, Andre Barbosa and Benjamin H. Mason
Tsunami Hazard and Risk Assessment on the Global Scale     
F. Lovholt, J. Griffin and M. A. Salgado-Galvez
Tsunamigenic Major and Great Earthquakes (2004-2013):
Source Processes Inverted from Seismic, Geodetic, and Sea-Level Data     
Stefano Lorito, F. Romano and T. Lay
Earthquake Source Parameters: Rapid Estimates for Tsunami Forecasts and Warnings     
Barry Hirshom, Stuart Weinstein, Dailin Wang, Kanoa Koyanagi, Nathan Becker and Charles McCreery
Tsunami Forecasting and Warning     
Osamu Kamigaichi
Fukushima Catastrophe: The Challenge of Complexity (Collective Reflexivity, Adaptive Knowledge, Political Innovation)     
Alain-Marc Rieu
Part II Volcanic Processes, Eruptions, and Hazards     
Volcano Seismology: An Introduction     
Vyacheslav M. Zobin
Source Quantification of Volcanic-Seismic Signals     
Hiroyuki Kumagai
Volcanoes, Non-linear Processes in     
Bernard Chouet
Volcano Deformation: Insights into Magmatic Systems     
Daniel Dzurisin
Volcanoes in Iceland and Crustal Deformation Processes     
Sigran Hreinsdottir
Volcanic Eruptions, Explosive: Experimental Insights     
Stephen J. Lane and Michael R. James
Volcanic Eruptions: Cyclicity During Lava Dome Growth     
Oleg Melnik, R. Stephen J. Sparks, Antonio Costa and Alexei A. Barmin
Volcanic Eruptions: Stochastic Models of Occurrence Patterns . .
Mark S. Bebbington
Volcanic Hazards and Early Warning     
Robert I. Tilling
Volcanic Hazards Warnings: Effective Communications of     
C. J. Fearnley