The Carlin trend contains the largest concentration of Carlin-type gold deposits in the world. Two major controversies about these giant gold deposits have been their age, which is now firmly established as Eocene, and the source of heat, fluids, and metals, which remains debated. We present data that demonstrate an intense period of Eocene magmatism coincided in time and space with deposit formation and was arguably the primary heat source. Geologic studies over the last 40 years have emphasized the stratigraphy and structure of Paleozoic sedimentary rocks, which are the major ore hosts. However, four igneous episodes affected the Carlin trend, in the Jurassic, Cretaceous, Eocene, and Miocene. A Jurassic diorite-granodiorite laccolith and related dikes were emplaced at about 158 Ma in the northern Carlin trend. A Cretaceous granite intruded the northcentral part of the trend at 112 Ma. Abundant Eocene dikes intruded along most of the trend and were accompanied by lavas in a large volcanic field along the southwest edge of the trend between ~40 and 36 Ma. Miocene rhyolite lavas erupted just west of and across the southern part of the trend at ~15 Ma.

Igneous rocks, apart from those few which are wholly or partly glassy, are composed of minerals and a knowledge of these minerals therefore is one logical starting point for study. Indeed the microscopic determination in thin sections of the content, abundance, and textural relations of component minerals remains, as it was for classical petrographers, the most widely used tool in the investigation of igneous rocks

Illustrated Pollen Terminology is a collection of palynological terms and wellillustrated with light and electron microscope images. The focus of this book is on the pollen of seed plants, predominantly angiosperms; therefore, it rarely explains features unique to spores or gymnosperms. A strict rationalization of terms on the basis of practical criteria has been attempted for this book. Where necessary, definitions have been reworded, newly circumscribed, or brought into focus. In addition, consistent application of EM techniques and the nowadays better understanding of pollen features have made redefinition of some terms necessary <...>

This book contains papers presented at the Engineering Foundation Conference on mineral matter in fuels held on November 2-7, 1997 in Kona, Hawaii. The conference is one of a continuing series that was initiated by the CEGB Marchwood Engineering Laboratories in 1963. The conference was to be eventually organised by the Engineering Foundation as the need for multi-disciplinary work related to controlling ash effects in combustors became apparent. The conference covers both the science and the applications. The papers also present case histories, particularly for current fuel technologies, developments in advanced technologies for power generation and mathematical modelling of these processes.