Instrumentation for analytical chemistry gives rise to many abbreviations, some forming “acronyms.” These are often more encountered than the terms they abbreviate, and they appear extensively in the text. A reader new to the field may become lost or disoriented in this thicket of initials. To aid the student in reading the text, the abbreviation/acronym index below translates these and indicates the chapter where they are best defined or characterized. These acronyms are frequently compounded, as in UV/VIS (ultraviolet/visible) or LC-CI-TOFMS (interfaced liquid chromatograph to time-of-flight mass spectrometer operating in chemical ionization mode). The components of such compounded abbreviations are listed individually in the index, but not all the possible combinations. All acronyms are abbreviations, but the reverse is not true. For example, CLIPS, DART, DRIFTS and COSY are acronyms because they form words or are pronounced as words; GFAAS, APCI, and FTIR are abbreviations. <...>

The document is not intended to be prescriptive. It provides guidelines, good practices, case studies and a range of tools that can be utilised in formulating wellconsidered decisions when planning and executing closure. It uses a risk and opportunity-based process to guide the practitioner through the iterative process of planning for final and progressive closure in a considered manner, as well as tactics for considering sudden or temporary closure.

A balanced closure approach fully incorporated into mine planning activities will lead to better outcomes across a range of considerations, including health, safety, social, environmental, legal, governance and human resources <...>

The characteristics, peculiarities, the development of the epikarst, and its role in karstifcation are described here. Epikarst varieties are differentiated, the development of these varieties is interpreted, and the factors infuencing the development of varieties are taken into consideration. <...>

The Neoproterozoic Uinta Mountain Group is undergoing a new phase of stratigraphic and paleontologic research toward understanding the paleoenvironments, paleoecology, correlation across the range and the region, paleogeography, basin type, and tectonic setting. Mapping, measured sections, sedimentology, paleontology, U-Pb geochronology, and C-isotope geochemistry have resulted in the further characterization and genetic understanding of the western and eastern Uinta Mountain Group.