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Издание:PGS Publishing, Linden Park, 2002 г., 21 стр.
Язык(и)Английский
The Geological Framework, Distribution and Controls of Fe-Oxide Cu-Au Mineralisation in the Gawler Craton, South Australia: Part I - Geological and Tectonic Framework / Геологическая структура, распределение и контроль железооксидно-медно-золотой минер...

Геологическая структура, распределение и контроль железооксидно-медно-золотой минерализации в кратоне Гоулер, Южная Австралия: Часть I - Геологическая и тектоническая структура

 

The Archaean to Mesoproterozoic Gawler Craton hosts a range of economic mineral commodities, including Au (central Craton), Ag-Pb-Zn (eastern Eyre Peninsula) and iron ore of the Middleback Ranges. A major iron-oxide copper-gold province containing the world class Olympic Dam Cu-U-Au-Ag-REE deposits extends ~ 500 km along the eastern margin of the Craton, from the Mount Woods Inlier in the north to the Moonta-Wallaroo district in the south. This paper presents new advances in our understanding of the structure, deformation history and tectonic evolution of the Gawler Craton, which may lead to a better understanding of the distribution of these mineral systems. The Craton is subdivided into tectonic domains, each encompassing an area of crust containing similar lithological and structural associations. New tectonic events have been defined within the three major orogenic cycles of the Gawler Craton (the Sleaford, Kimban and Kararan Orogenies). The recent discovery that much of the craton comprises relatively juvenile Proterozoic crust has improved our understanding of cratonic evolution. We propose growth through accretion in magmatic arc settings along the eastern margin of an arcuate Archaean core at ~ 1850 Ma (Donington Suite), and along the southwestern margin at ~ 1680 Ma (Tunkillia Suite) and 1620 Ma (St Peters Suite). We suggest an alternative model to a largely anorogenic setting for emplacement of the Hiltaba Suite, an intracontinental, extensional back-arc, located behind a northeast dipping subduction zone, south of the Nuyts Domain, which produced the arc-related magmatism of the St Peters Suite.

The Hiltaba Suite magmatic event was widespread across the Gawler Craton, and is broadly associated, both temporally and in places spatially with a major mineralising event. At the Olympic Dam deposit, a close spatial and temporal association is recognised between its host rock, the Roxby Downs Granite, and iron-oxide copper-gold mineralisation. Other mineral prospects related to Hiltaba Suite magmatism include Tarcoola, Tunkillia, Myall, Sheoak, Barns, and possibly Weednana, and Menninnie Dam. The presence of Hiltaba Suite granites is an important factor for exploration companies in tenement selection.

Издание:PGS Publishing, Linden Park, 2002 г., 15 стр.
Язык(и)Английский
The Geological Framework, Distribution and Controls of Fe-Oxide Cu-Au Mineralisation in the Gawler Craton, South Australia: Part II - Alteration and Mineralisation

The Olympic Cu-Au province on the eastern margin of the Gawler Craton includes three major regions of hydrothermal alteration and mineralisation: Stuart Shelf basement (including the Olympic Dam Cu-U-Au deposit), Mount Woods lnlier and the Moonta-Wallaroo-Roopena region. Each of these regions contains high-, moderate- and low-temperature Fe-oxide rich alteration, Cu-Au+U mineralisation, and felsic to mafic Mesoproterozoic (-1590 Ma) intrusions of the Hiltaba Suite with or without coeval Gawler Range Volcanics. The three regions are interpreted to represent the 'footprints' of separate crustal-scale thermal anomalies. Three key hydrothermal alteration and ore mineral assemblages are recognised in the metallogenic province: (1) CAM: calcsilicate - alkali feldspar ± magnetite ± Fe-Cu sulphides (generally minor); (2) MB: magnetite-biotite + Fe-Cu sulphides; and (3) HSCC: hematite-sericite-chlorite-carbonate ± Fe-Cu sulphides ± U, REE minerals. Ore grade Cu-U-Au mineralisation is generally associated with the HSCC assemblage, which is paragenetically later than the CAM and MB assemblages in most deposits and prospects. The crustal level of exposure of the hydrothermal systems may vary significantly between and within the three mineralised regions. The CAM, MB and HSCC assemblages and associated Cu-Au mineralisation represent a possible spectrum of settings from deeper, higher temperature, shear-hosted environments to near-surface, low-temperature breccia and fault settings.

Редактор(ы):Rafferty J.P.
Издание:Britannica, 2011 г., 286 стр., ISBN: 978-1-61530-193-5
Язык(и)Английский
The geological history of Earth. The mesozoic era. Age of dinosaurs / Геологическая история Земли. Мезозойкая эра. Время динозавров

It was a time of huge “thunder lizards” roaming steamy fern jungles; of “mammal-reptiles” walking the land of Laurasia; of continental movements, mountain building, and massive volcanoes; and a time of the most horrific, earth-shattering extinctions that ever occurred on this planet. It was the middle times of what is called the Phanerozoic Eon, a geologic interval lasting almost a half billion years. It was the time of the dinosaurs…and much, much more. We call this time the Mesozoic Era. <...>

 

Редактор(ы):Bryant I.D., Flint S.S.
Издание:The international association, 1993 г., 294 стр., ISBN: 0-632-03392-4
Язык(и)Английский
The geological modeling of hydrocarbon reservoirs and outcrop analogues / Геологическое моделирование залежей углеводородов и аналогичных пород

Recent technological advances and the increasing emphasis on maximizing recovery from existing oil and gas fields has led to an upsurge of interest in reservoir characterization and quantitative modelling of physical rock properties in 3-D inter-well space. A variety of research conferences have been convened over the last 5 years to provide a forum for debate of new ideas and directions in this area of interdisciplinary research; these meetings have, in the USA, included NIPER conferences, SPE symposia and specialist sessions within the AAPG Annual Conventions.

Автор(ы):Chengyu W., Smith M.
Издание:PGS Publishing, Linden Park, 2002 г., 11 стр.
Язык(и)Английский
The geology and genesis of the Bayan Obo Fe-REE-Nb deposit: a review

The Bayan Obo Fe-REE-Nb deposit is currently the world's largest REE resource. It has estimated reserves of up to 1500Mt of iron oxides (35 wt. % Fe), 48-1 OOMt REE (6 wt. % REE,03) and IMt Nb (0.13 wt. % Nb). The deposits are hosted in the Proterozoic Bayan Obo group sediments, mostly in dolomite marble, although the deposits themselves are principally Caledonian in age (555-420Ma). Fe occurs as magnetite and hematite, whilst the REE occur principally as monazite and bastnasite, although over 16 individual REE-minerals and 17 REE-bearing niobium minerals are also present. The deposits are accompanied by an alteration assemblage of apatite, aegirine, aegirine-augite, fluorite, alkali amphibole, phlogopite and barite. Albite and K-feldspar occur in the overlying slates and schists.

The deposits were formed by multistage hydrothermal replacement of marble during Caledonian subduction. The source of metals and fluids is uncertain, although carbonatites, alkaline igneous rocks, A-type granites and subduction-derived fluids have all been suggested as possibilities. Late stage, low salinity fluids were responsible for extensive modification of the deposit, and an overprint of sulphide and barite alteration. The deposits show many similarities in processes to others of the Fe-oxide class, but there are important differences including the absence of significant base metal sulphide mineralisation, no enrichment in U, and the absence of evidence for the involvement of hypersaiine brines in ore genesis.

Автор(ы):Cobbing J.
Издание:Springer, 2000 г., 146 стр., ISBN: 3-540-67684-8
Язык(и)Английский
The geology and mapping of granite batholiths / Геология и картирование гранитных батолитов

This book is mainly about the field geology of granites at all scales from that of a single outcrop to plutons and batholiths. All field geologists work initially at the scale of the outcrop, consequently most of the phenomena treated herein are those which are visible at outcrop scale. However, granites typically occur as plutons and batholiths, some of which are so large as to apparently defy any effort at systematic treatment. Having had the opportunity of mapping two very large and very different batholiths, namely the Coastal Batholith of Peru and the tin granites of Southeast Asia, I have found that it is possible to map large batholiths within a relatively short time, so that the geology of the batholith as a whole can be appreciated. Moreover batholiths are one of the most common modes of granite occurrence, so it makes sense to study them at their natural scale <...>

Издание:British Geological Survey, London, 1986 г., 161 стр., ISBN: 0-11-884415-6
Язык(и)Английский
The geology and mineral resources of the Bolivian precambrian shield / Геология и полезные ископаемые боливийского докембрийского щита

This memoir reports on the geology and mineral resources of about 220 000 km2 of ground, roughly the size of the island of Great Britain, constituting almost the sum total of what is loosely called here the ‘Bolivian shield’: that part of the Precambrian Brazilian Shield lying in Bolivia (Figure 1). The area lies in the Bolivian departments of Santa Cruz and Beni and is bounded to the north and east by Brazil.

Автор(ы):Pirajno F.
Издание:Springer, 687 стр., ISBN: 978-94-007-4443-1
Язык(и)Английский
The geology and tectonic settings of China’s mineral deposits / Геология и тектонические условия залежей полезных ископаемых в Китае

China is an emerging superpower, with a huge demand for raw materials and mineral resources that are being used to increase the standard of living conditions for its residents and bolster its surge forward in the global economy. To enable this rapid growth, China is also undertaking an education revolution with the help of experts from around the world in many different fields of endeavour.

Автор(ы):Prost B.P., Prost G.L.
Издание:CRC Press, 2018 г., 487 стр., ISBN: 978-1498756082
Язык(и)Английский
The geology companion. Essentials for understanding the Earth / Спутник геолога. Основа для понимания Земли

Millennium Tower is a 58-story luxury high rise in San Francisco. It cost $350 million to build and contains units that start at $1.6 million and go up to over $10 million. The builders chose to sink support pilings 24 m (80 ft) into bay fill mud and dense sand rather than the 60 m (200 ft) needed to reach bedrock. Since the building was completed in 2009, it has sunk 38 cm (16 in) and is tilting 5 cm (2 in) to the northwest (Matier and Ross 2016). This is not just a concern to the 400 residents. Taxpayers have already spent $58 million building a buttress between the tower and the adjacent Transbay Transit Center that is under construction. The subsidence is not yet considered a safety issue, but residents are concerned.

Автор(ы):Rushdi Said
Редактор(ы):Balkema A.A.
Издание:Brookfield, Rotterdam, 1990 г., 729 стр.
Язык(и)Английский
The geology of Egypt

This book includes the salient results of work carried out on the different aspects of the geology of Egypt: Geomorphology and evolution of landscape; tectonics, geophysical regime, volcanicity, Precambrian geology, geologic history and paleogeography, paleontology of selected taxa, ore deposits, petroleum geology and groundwater reservoirs. An exhaustive bibliography is also included. Written by scholars from Egypt, Germany and the United States, the book is edited by Professor Rushdi Said, consultant and former head of the Geological Survey of Egypt.

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