Preferring to leave history to the historians of science, we will not present here a historical survey, but rather will only cite some examples of priorities during the course of the book. We will just note that separating geophysical fluid dynamics from general fluid dynamics was a risky step to take, since it could well have cut the field off from general science by creating a specialized jargon that was incomprehensible to the uninitiated. Pseudosciences can thrive and flourish on such soil over an area which is vast but which fails to reach any heights. This has occurred, for instance, in meteorology (here we do not include atmospheric physics), in which interest in astrological techniques for weather forecasting periodically rears its head (even now unverifiable forecasting methods 'for the season' are still used), in the agricultural sciences, in pedagogy, etc. However, things are quite different if, in an important sphere of knowledge, there is a solid nugget of seriousness, requiring a special study of the material and the creation of new concepts (the creation of new concepts goes deeper than just the recognition of patterns; it is the very basis of scientific creativity, distinguishing the investigator from the computers of the foreseeable future), and if, basing itself on these concepts, the new science contacts and interacts with other branches of knowledge and becomes generally used. <...>

The International Year of Planet Earth (IYPE) was established as a means of raising worldwide public and political awareness of the vast, though frequently under-used, potential the Earth Sciences possess for improving the quality of life of the peoples of the world and safeguarding Earth’s rich and diverse environments.

Красной нитью этого тома является идея подставления различных методов исследования процессов, происходящих в реальных озёрах. Часть I посвящена подходам и техникам численного моделирования, приложенным к демонстрации отклика озера на ветровое воздействие. Она начинается с представления баротропных и бароклинных течений и распределений температуры воды, формирующихся в озере Цюрих в результате действия различных ветровых сценариев.

This book is designed to serve as a textbook for graduate students or advanced undergraduates studying numerical methods for the solution of partial differential equations goveming wave-like flows. Although the majority of the schemes presented in this text were introduced in either the applied-rnathematics or atmospheric- science literature, the focus is not on the nuts-and-bolts details of various atmospheric models but on fundamental numerical methods that have applications in a wide range of scientific and engineering disciplines. The prototype problems considered include tracer transport, shallow-water flow and the evolution of internal waves in a continuously stratified fluid.

Содержит основные сведения по общей направленности и последовательности инженерных изысканий на лессовых территориях для решения задач инженерной геологии и сейсмического микрорайонирования.

Для инженерно-технических работников проектно-изыскательских организаций

Руководство по безопасности содержит рекомендации как проводить инженерные изыскания и исследования по выявлению тектонических структур и их движений (современных дифференцированных движений земной коры, разрывных сейсмотектонических смещений, сейсмодислокаций, сейсмотектонических поднятий и опусканий блоков земной коры, сейсмодеформаций, землетрясений природного происхождения) с целью реализации требований п. 2.2 и раздела 4 федеральных норм и правил в области использования атомной энергии "Учет внешних воздействий природного и техногенного происхождения на ядерно- и радиационно опасные объекты". <...>

The book explains the key notions and fundamental processes of the dynamics of the fluid envelopes of the Earth (transposable to other planets) from the unifying viewpoint of rotating shallow-water model (RSW). The model, in its one- or two-layer versions, plays a distinguished role in geophysical fluid dynamics. It has been used now for about acentury to aid conceptual understanding of various phenomena, for elaboration of approaches and methods to be used later in more complete models, for development and testing of numerical codes and schemes of data assimilations, and for many other purposes.

Inverse solutions are key problems in many natural sciences. They form the basis of our understanding of the world surrounding us. Whenever we try to learn something about physical laws, the internal structure of the earth or the nature of the Universe, we collect data and try to extract the required information from these data. This is the actual solution of the inverse problem.

The intent of Introduction to Geophysical Fluid Dynamics—Physical and Numerical Aspects is to introduce its readers to the principles governing air and water flows on large terrestrial scales and to the methods by which these flows can be simulated on the computer.

Руководящий документ устанавливает для организаций топливно-энергетического комплекса единые требования проведения геофизических исследований и работ в нефтяных и газовых скважинах приборами на кабеле и наземным оборудованием, обеспечивающим цифровую регистрацию данных измерений и сопутствующей информации.