Во время последних землетрясений было установлено, что движения в районах распространения рыхлых грунтов были интенсивнее, чем движения в местах обнажения скальных пород (например, Сид и Идрисс, 1968). Одной из первых компьютерных программ для моделирования реакции грунта на сейсмические воздействия была SHAKE (Шнабель и др., 1972).

В монографии развита теория предельной зоны землетрясений на скальных породах, построена шкала балльности, отнесенная к различным грунтам; рассчитаны спектры ускорений и скоростей колебаний частиц грунта и др. Разработана методика уменьшения сотрясений зданий и сооружений при землетрясениях, показано влияние верхнего слоя на интенсивность сейсмических колебаний при землетрясениях, приведены выводы из теории колебаний слоя для сейсмического микрорайонирования. Сделана попытка наметить основные принципы комплексного сейсмического районирования.
Издание рассчитано на сейсмологов, проектировщиков и строителей, занятых решением проблем строительства сооружений в зонах повышенной сейсмической опасности.

The percentage composition of the subject matter of this revised edition is approximately the same as that for the first, but the number of chapters has increased significantly. This necessitated the publication of a companion volume. In addition to dealing with various geophysical exploration methods, it adds and emphasizes the use of radiometric methods to explore for hard minerals found in sediments on and beneath the ocean floor.

In history and prehistory artefacts and structures are often concealed beneath the surface of the earth as a result of geological processes and perhaps more frequently as a result of human activity. A key aspect of landscape archaeology lies in the identification and interpretation of this hidden evidence or in the broader sense of the buried landscape.

The current tragic seismic events along the East Anatolian Fault Zone shed light of the fragility of our society against catastrophic earthquake events. While this zone was always known as an active mobile region, an unfortunate event can shed light on the importance of the science of seismology in the broader geotectonic framework. This proposed book aims to provide the most current and state-of-the-art summary of our knowledge about the seismotectonic features the East Mediterranean and the Red Sea region where in a short distance very diverse geotectonic situations can be observed including nearly every known kinematic condition, plate movements, and associated magmatism.

Методические материалы предназначены для специалистов и руководителей проектно-изыскательских и строительных организаций, учреждений и служб заказчика (инвестора) и других заинтересованных организаций, с целью обеспечения их организационно-методическими материалами, которые позволяют разрабатывать и применять высокоэффективные технологические процессы проектирования предприятий, зданий и сооружений, обеспечивающие качество и конкурентоспособность этих объектов.
Методические материалы разрабатываются в развитие положений СП 58.13330.2012 СНиП 33-01-2003 «Гидротехнические сооружения. Основные положения».

Preferring to leave history to the historians of science, we will not present here a historical survey, but rather will only cite some examples of priorities during the course of the book. We will just note that separating geophysical fluid dynamics from general fluid dynamics was a risky step to take, since it could well have cut the field off from general science by creating a specialized jargon that was incomprehensible to the uninitiated. Pseudosciences can thrive and flourish on such soil over an area which is vast but which fails to reach any heights. This has occurred, for instance, in meteorology (here we do not include atmospheric physics), in which interest in astrological techniques for weather forecasting periodically rears its head (even now unverifiable forecasting methods 'for the season' are still used), in the agricultural sciences, in pedagogy, etc. However, things are quite different if, in an important sphere of knowledge, there is a solid nugget of seriousness, requiring a special study of the material and the creation of new concepts (the creation of new concepts goes deeper than just the recognition of patterns; it is the very basis of scientific creativity, distinguishing the investigator from the computers of the foreseeable future), and if, basing itself on these concepts, the new science contacts and interacts with other branches of knowledge and becomes generally used. <...>

The International Year of Planet Earth (IYPE) was established as a means of raising worldwide public and political awareness of the vast, though frequently under-used, potential the Earth Sciences possess for improving the quality of life of the peoples of the world and safeguarding Earth’s rich and diverse environments.

Красной нитью этого тома является идея подставления различных методов исследования процессов, происходящих в реальных озёрах. Часть I посвящена подходам и техникам численного моделирования, приложенным к демонстрации отклика озера на ветровое воздействие. Она начинается с представления баротропных и бароклинных течений и распределений температуры воды, формирующихся в озере Цюрих в результате действия различных ветровых сценариев.

This book is designed to serve as a textbook for graduate students or advanced undergraduates studying numerical methods for the solution of partial differential equations goveming wave-like flows. Although the majority of the schemes presented in this text were introduced in either the applied-rnathematics or atmospheric- science literature, the focus is not on the nuts-and-bolts details of various atmospheric models but on fundamental numerical methods that have applications in a wide range of scientific and engineering disciplines. The prototype problems considered include tracer transport, shallow-water flow and the evolution of internal waves in a continuously stratified fluid.