Slope monitoring radar has emerged in the last ten years as a leading edge tool for monitoring movements in open pit mines, thanks to the ability to rapidly measure wall movements with millimetric accuracy over wide areas in any weather conditions. IBIS-M is an innovative interferometric radar able to provide high spatial resolution, long working distances and fast acquisition time. The first IBIS-M unit deployed in Turkey was installed in 2011 at the large lignite open pit Çöllolar Mine operated by Park Teknik. The geotechnical staff has now 24/7 real time monitoring of the slope stability with a wide coverage on the pit walls with the capability to detect the onset of wall movements far before the occurrence of failure, thus increasing the safety standards and productivity of the mine. The IBIS-M monitoring experience at Çöllolar mine is presented in this paper. <...>

Важность понимания трехмерного кинематического управления при анализе мониторинга смещений в глубоких карьерах над подземными горными работами

Surface mining operations are increasingly involving the design and development of  deeper and larger open pits, often with plans to transition into underground mass mining operations. Experiences at the Palabora Mine in South Africa demonstrate the complex interactions between underground workings and the steep slopes above that may lead to slope movements that potentially pose safety and economic concerns. To properly assess the rock mass response to these interactions for planning of future developments, understanding the controlling influence of geological and geomechanical structures is crucial. Preliminary results are presented from a detailed review of historical slope monitoring data from the Palabora Mine, before and after the initiation of block caving 400-m beneath a 800-m deep pit. This paper demonstrates that a detailed analysis of geology and monitoring data can be used to better understand the kinematic controls of complex rock slope displacements and interactions between open pits and underground mines. This investigative treatment of the monitoring data is important in understanding the failure mechanisms prior to undertaking sophisticated 3-D numerical models

Рассматриваются научные аспекты изучения деформационных процессов и напряженного состояния толщи горных пород в районах широкомасштабного освоения недр с учетом наличия систем тектонических разломов и разрывных нарушений разного уровня, а также основы создания комплексных систем геодинамического мониторинга за поведением, устойчивостью и состоянием таких регионов.

This book describes the fundamental and theoretical concepts of optimization algorithms in a systematic manner, along with their potential applications and implementation strategies in mining engineering. It explains basics of systems engineering, linear programming, and integer linear programming, transportation and assignment algorithms, network analysis, dynamic programming, queuing theory and their applications to mine systems.

This paper describes some mitigation/remedial measures used in Chilean open pit engineering practice to deal with some common pit slope problems. These measures include the use of controlled blasting techniques, slope depressurization and pit dewatering, use of retaining dikes, buttresses and removal of material in unstable slopes, and the filling of pre-existing underground excavations and surface craters.  <...>

Rock slopes with heights approaching 1000 m are now being designed and excavated in various open pit mining and civil engineering projects around the world. The economic impact of excessively conservative designs or of failures in these slopes can be very large and every effort has to be made to optimise their design. Their size means that they will almost always contain a number of significant structural features and a variety of geological materials.

With the removal of the majority of the shallow mineral reserves there has been an increase in the mining depths in the South African mining industry. This has, in turn, changed the industry’s and stakeholders’ perceptions of risk associated with mining-induced instability. In recent years the increased mining depth, particularly in open pits, has led to an increase in pit slope failures, which has highlighted the need for appropriate and effective pit slope management programmes. Such a programme comprises many facets, including mine hazard plans, regular slope inspections, cleaning of interim and final pit faces, blasting practices, histories of failures, pit depressurization, stormwater control and evacuation procedures. However, it is arguably in the field of slope monitoring that the most significant strides have been made in terms of new technologies and best practice in open pit mining geotechnics, with the introduction of technologies such as laser scanners and slope stability radar. This paper seeks to illustrate the operational benefits associated with the implementation of new technologies into open pit mining, using AngloGold Ashanti’s Geita Gold Mine in Tanzania as an example. <...>