В 1970 г. Институту геологии и геохимии Уральского научного центра АН СССР присвоено имя академика Александра Николаевича Заварицкого, внесшего большой вклад в изучение основных проблем геологии, петрологии и металлогении Урала. В связи с этим Ученым советом института решено ежегодно 16 марта, в день рождения А.В.Заварицкого, проводить научные чтения, посвященные его памяти

В монографии приведены петрологические данные. положенные в основу моделирования вещественного состава земной коры и верхней мантии Таджикистана. Охарактеризованы трубки взрыва и дайки щелочных базитов с глубинными включениями с подразделением на коровые и верхнемантнйные. Впервые при моделировании земной коры широко использованы результаты изучения петрологии глубокого докембрия. Предлагаются коро-мантийные разрезы и графические модели земной коры и верхней мантии для разных районов Таджикистана, уточненные по геофизическим данным. Рассмотрены вопросы геохимической специализации глубинных пород и металлогенические особенности различных зон в связи с глубинным строением. Книга может быть использована при интерпретации геофизических данных, для целей металлогенического районирования и представляет интерес для широкого круга петрологов, геохимиков и геофизиков, занимающихся моделированием земной коры и верхней мантии.

It is always easier to write a textbook the second time around, or so I thought. Writing my first textbook entitled “Earth’s Materials: Minerals and Rocks” (published in 2001 by Prentice-Hall) was difficult because I had to make some tough decisions about what materials to include and what to leave out. Based on my own thinking and input from colleagues and students since that time, I decided to write a textbook on petrology and leave out mineralogy altogether. The result is the present textbook. It was anything but easy to write this book.

Over the past two decades, many curriculum changes have occurred in geology, Earth science, and environmental science programs in universities. Many of these have involved the compression of separate one-semester courses in mineralogy, optical mineralogy, and petrology into a singlesemester offering that combines mineralogy and petrology, commonly called Earth Materials. Such a course is a challenge to the instructor (or a team of instructors) and the students. This is especially so when few, if any, textbooks for such a one-semester course have been available.

The fundamental concepts of mineralogy and petrology are explained in this highly illustrated, full-color textbook, to create a concise overview for students studying Earth materials. The relationship between minerals and rocks and how they relate to the broader Earth, materials, and environmental sciences is interwoven throughout. Beautiful photos of specimens and CrystalViewer’s three-dimensional illustrations allow students to easily visualize minerals, rocks, and crystal structures.

The purpose of petrology is to understand the conditions of the formation of rocks. The first stage of this approach is to describe and classify the rocks; that is the subject of petrography. Many characters can be used: density, hardness, colour, structure (on the scale of the outcrop), texture (on the scale of the sample or of the microscope), mineralogical composition, chemical composition, speed of propagation of the waves, etc. Among all the characters, the mineralogical composition is certainly the most important: it allows us to, more or less, accurately foresee the other characters and it can be used to determine the very conditions of the formation of rocks. Indeed, the nature and chemical composition of the minerals in a rock obey stricter laws, since the formation temperature was higher

The crust of the Earth and underlying relatively rigid mantle make up the lithosphere. The crust is composed of a great variety of minerals and rocks. More than 80% of all raw materials that are used in various sectors of economy, society and the environment are of mineral origin, and demand for them is greater every day. In most countries, the values of raw materials used for the metal industry and building materials exceed the value of the funds allocated for oil and gas, although, we hear more about oil and gas <...>

В монографии приведены результаты современного исследования геологических комплексов, слагающих уникальный ультрамафитовый массив Рай-Из на Полярном Урале, вмещающий промышленные залежи хромовых руд. Прослежена эволюция вещества ультрамафитов в ходе длительной метаморфической истории массива. На основе анализа оливин-хромшпинелевого парагенезиса, выполненного как для ранних ассоциаций ультраосновных пород, так и для продуктов их метаморфизма и локализованных в них хромититов, сделан вывод об P-T-fO2 условиях формирования породных комплексов и оруденения. Приведены результаты минералогического и геохимического исследования хромититов, ультрамафитов, а также жильных образований, участвующих в строении массива Рай-Из.
Работа предназначена для геологов, петрологов и специалистов в рудной геологии, занимающихся ультрамафитами, хромовыми рудами, а также офиолитовыми комплексами в целом.

The science of igneous petrology is founded on astute observation of rocks, guided by the rigorous principles of physical chemistry. It is, perhaps, the wedding of fallible observation with rigorous theory that makes this such a delicious science. In view of this, it is appropriate to study rocks and phase diagrams hand in hand. Good books on petrography abound, but there are few introductory books on phase diagrams, and none that illustrate in detail the quantitative analysis of fractional and equilibrium crystallization and melting, the four limiting processes capable of rigorous discussion. This book is an attempt to remedy the deficiency <...>

Metamorphism refers lo Ihe inineni logical and structural alteration of rock к in Karth's crust, and excludes alteration at or just beneath ihe surface, such as weathering and early diagencsis. However, diagenetic changes grade into mctamorphic changes in burial meuimorphism. In face* metamor-phism may occur in several geological environments, because assemblages react to changes in temperature (T), pressure (iJ) and activities of mobile chemical components, regardless ol the geological processes responsible for the changes. For example, identical or very similar assemblages can be formed by (1) deuleric alteration in an igneous intrusion 12) wall-rock alteration around a hydro! hernia) orebody. (3) low-tempe rat lire alteration around an igneous intrusion, (4) burial metamorphism of sedimentary/volcanic successions and (5) alteration, both local and regional, in geothermal areas (Vernon. 1976f.