Volcanic eruptions have been one of the most fundamental influences on the Earth’s evolution throughout its 4.54 Ga history. Volcanic eruptions formed the Earth’s crust, were the source for the atmosphere and oceans and are arguably the basis for life on Earth. Huge eruptions have almost certainly caused climate change and influenced mass extinction events.

Across the face of the central Pacific Ocean, 3,000 kilometers from the nearest continent and 800 kilometers from any other land, lies the row of islands known as the Hawaiian Archipelago. From Kure Island at the northwest, the archipelago forms a southeast-trending line of islands 2,400 kilometers long (fig. 1.1).

Отчего возникают землетрясения и извержения вулканов, чем вызываются громадные волны цунами? Может ли наука предсказать наступление этих грозных явлений природы и как от них уберечься?

Автор этой ярко иллюстрированной книги просто и понятно отвечает на поставленные вопросы

В книге систематизирован материал об основных геолого-промышленных медно-порфировых, жильных, скарновых и смешанных типах месторождений медных и полиметаллических руд в вулканогенно-интрузивных поясах. Рассматриваются типовые обстановки нахождения месторождений, условия ведения их поисков, методы их выявления.

It was a total disaster: tens of millions of yards of lava flowed down the volcano’s lower slopes and into the city of Goma in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. In January of 2002, fissures opened along the southern flanks of Nyiragongo volcano, draining a lava lake and unleashing the massive lava flow. After damaging 14 villages on the volcano’s slopes, lava flowed down Goma’s broad main street; commercial buildings served as the molten river’s banks as it moved at a walking pace. Within hours, lava flows reached the airport, covered most of the runway, and severely disrupted the ongoing United Nations relief effort for war refugees from Rwanda. <...>

Transdisciplinary approach of science appeared in recent years, partially as a result of the urgent need to deal with global and planetary changes [1–12]. Transdisciplinary science is to answer and solve environmental science questions and problems became the foundation of sustainable development, nature conservation and various environmental science education including geoeducation [13–17].

Earth’s infinite geological complexity fascinates us, and centuries of detailed observations and modeling can tempt us to believe that we have a full understanding of Earth’s igneous processes. Our world, however, is only one data point in the Solar System. A model that successfully predicts or explains a volcanic process on Earth, for example, may fail completely when applied to another planetary body. Such comparative planetology is therefore critical, and reveals the weaknesses in our understanding that would otherwise remain hidden: just because a model works on Earth does not mean that it truly explains a given process elsewhere using first principles. <...>

Natural gas is a kind of efficient, economic, and clean energy. With the rapid development of our economies, the demand for natural gas is climbing year by year. With the development and advancement of exploration technology, the world’s largest volcanic gas reservoirs were discovered in China. As an important part of natural gas resources in China, the discovered resources in volcanic gas reservoirs reach up to several trillion cubic meters, the proved gas in place is up to several hundred billion cubic meters, and the production keeps growing annually. The exploration and development of natural gas in China is in a period of vigorous development. As a new domain, the rational development of volcanic gas reservoirs plays a more and more important role in the natural gas industry. <...>

Почти все немногочисленные русские учебники и руководства по петрографии, как печатные, так и литографированные (Е.С. Федорова, В.И. Лучицкого, В.А. Обручева, П.П. Гудкова и др.) носят чисто описательный характер, трактуя отдельные семейства горных пород и почти совершенно не вдаваясь в рассмотрение вопросов о происхождении всего их разнообразия. Только в работах Ф.Ю. Левинсона-Лессинга мы найдем определенные оригинальные точки зрения как по этому так и по некоторым другим вопросам петрографической философии. Но эти работы, с одной стороны, в большей и главнейшей своей части написаны не целиком на русском языке, а с другой не имеют характера учебных руководств, занимаясь или отдельными темами из области магматической геологии, или трактуя об отдельных областях распространения т. н. „изверженных" горных пород. <...>