Прежде чем отправиться в наше путешествие для знакомства с минералами и горными породами Ульяновской области, мы должны поближе познакомиться с геологической историей Русской равнины. Ульяновская область располагается в ее восточной части, и история ее развития напрямую связана с историей развития Русской платформы.

The Mediterranean Sea has been attracting the attention of numerous geoscientists from various countries and institutions for many years. A complex succession of geodynamic processes interplayed between Africa, Eurasia and the interposed ocean basins has characterized the geological history of the Mediterranean and surrounding regions, with ocean basin openings, plate and crustal block detachments, subductions, collisions, crustal extensions and contractions, arc and back-arc basin formation. In summary, in the Mediterranean area, on a regional scale, the imprint of all those significant plate-tectonics-related events observed on the larger global scale can be recognized. <...>

Stratigraphy is one of the most demanding, fundamental, and interesting of geologic disciplines. It tries to reconstruct history with a few basic principles, requires both careful observation and wide-ranging imagination, and involves many individually fascinating subdisciplines. Yet, as the quotation above shows, this is not how it appears to many people. Stratigraphy has a poor image because it is sometimes presented only as a way of classifying and organizing strata with “codes.”

The field of marine chemistry and geochemistry has developed dramatically since the end of World War II. Mainly this spurt of refinement was the consequence of the development of novel techniques of measurement of both radioactive and radiogenic isotopes as well as the light stable isotopes.

Читая курс «Геология СССР» в ^Ленинградском университете и непрерывно ведя геологические Исследования в различных областях нашей Родины, я давно задумал написать популярную книгу об ее геологическом строении. Мне хотелось отразить в этой книге наряду с геологической историей богатство нашей Родины полезными ископаемыми, обширность ее пространств, исключительное разнообразие ее природы, — живописной и ласковой в одних областях, хмуро-суровой в других, величественной и грозной в третьих. Хотелось мне рассказать также о тех больших чувствах, которые возникают в душе геолога-исследователя и властно ведут его по таежным дебрям и горным тропам.

Russia has increasingly become one of the most important centres for the activities on raw commodity assessments in the recent years due to its enormous resources spread out over a huge territory. As Russia is rapidly closing the gap between the requirements of the internationally accepted codes and its own resource assessment standard, the practical reality is that the legacy of the Soviet Union for the assessment of resources is still active and alive today. However, this does not mean the requirements of the old Soviet system, now the Russian system, are redundant or unacceptable to the codes seen in the international scenery; but it is rather a descriptive and useful tool which guides the competent persons and practitioners in a well prescribed way when they are assessing the mineral resources in Russia. As the old Soviet standard has also been adopted into the national legislations in the other former Soviet Union countries similar to the current Russian system, the Russian code has become an important element in reconciliation of the resources in accordance with the criteria defined in the internationally recognised codes for Reporting Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves such as JORC. This article reviews the experience of IMC in resource estimation in both Russia and neighbouring CIS countries in compliance with both the national code and international codes, and the related issues and obstacles faced and dealt by the competent persons <...>

Nonrenewable energy resources available in very large quantities are limited to heavy hydrogen and dry geothermal energy. Large-scale renewable resources are solar and atmospheric electricity (Moody, 1978). These four may be regarded as the ultimate energy sources, but they are unlikely to contribute significantly to the total energy budget for at least the next few decades. Synthetic fuels are already in production, but widespread conversion is being held back by economic and environmental considerations. Wind, water, and biomass conversion will play an enlarged, but still relatively minor, role. This leaves coal, uranium, and petroleum to provide the bulk of the immediately foreseeable energy requirements.