Tt is 50 years since the publication of the first edition of this volume of Rock-forming Minerals. The intervening years have seen a vast growth in the range and quantity of published work on 'non-silicate" rock-forming minerals, a growth that has justified dividing the topics of the first edition into two volumes (sulphates, carbonates, phosphates and halides have already been covered; see Chang, Howie and Zussman, Rock-forming Minerals, Vol. 5B, 2nd edn. The Geological Society, 1996). Here, we discuss the oxides, hydroxides and sulphides. This growth in published information on oxide, hydroxide and sulphide minerals has resulted partly from the availability of new techniques for the chemical and structural analysis of these materials and the characterization of their physical and chemical properties. It has also been the result of the opening-up of entirely new fields of investigation where these minerals play a key role. The list of minerals discussed in this new edition has expanded somewhat compared with the first edition; although the same five sulphide minerals are considered "rock-forming', the hydroxides have gained several new iron hydroxide phases (akaga-neitc. ferrihydrite and feroxyhyte), while losing limonite. These developmenb are largely due to better characterization of poorly crystalline ultrafine particle phases using new techniques. The list of oxides has also expanded with additions including quandilite. pseudonitile and armalcolite, the last a lunar mineral and a legacy of the Apollo missions which occurred seven years after publication of the first edition.

For this completely new edition of Rock-Forming Minerals we have maintained the general principles and organization adopted for the first edition. The past twenty years, however, have seen an enormous expansion in activity in the Earth Sciences as a whole, and the subjects of Mineralogy and Petrology have certainly not been exceptions. The terms 'literature explosion* and 'exponential growth', although almost cliches, nevertheless are very apt in the present context. Not only have the numbers of researchers and their outputs increased, but exceptional growth has occurred in three particular fields: electron microprobe analysis, experimental petrology, and the determination of crystal structures.

The facility of rapid and accurate electron probe analysis has replaced to a great extent the more laborious chemical and optical analytical methods, giving many more reliable analyses for each mineral and enabling researchers to examine more specimens and to complete a wider range of studies in a shorter time. The availability of more well-analysed material has also led to much more significant discussion of chemical variations and their relationships with crystal structure, physical properties and, most of all, parageneses. The important phenomena of fine-scale intergrowths (exsolution, etc.) and of chemical zoning have also been much more readily investigated using electron probe and other electron-optical methods.

The study of phase equilibria at elevated pressures and temperatures has continued apace, so that the cumulative number of systems which need to be described has grown. In addition, much wider ranges of pressure and temperature have become accessible with improved techniques. At the same time, there has been a growth in the determination of thermodynamic properties of minerals, and in the experimental and theoretical approaches to element distribution within and between minerals.

The advent and growing use of automatic single-crystal diffractometers has made it possible to determine crystal structures much more quickly, so that whereas there was hitherto perhaps one published structure for a mineral or even for a mineral group, now there can be structure determinations for a mineral at each of several chemical compositions, and at a number of different temperatures.

The above, and other growth areas in mineralogy, have led to the fact that in this new edition the average number of pages devoted to each mineral is about three times that for the first edition. The extent of growth is indicated also by the list of references for each mineral which for this volume we have attempted to bring up to date to 1979, and the early months of 1981.

Приводится статистический анализ по 4058 минералом, утвержденным ММА: признаки, по которым даны названия минералов, где впервые были найдены, с указанием их количества, геохимической специализации и хронологии всех находок. Показаны количественные и процентные соотношения минералов каждого элемента, все парные и основные тройные связи (сонахождения) элементов в соответствующих минеральных формах, распределения их по сингониям, шкалам твердости, плотности, цвету и блеску, оптическим данным, наличию степени совершенства и направления спайности, растворимости в воде, простейшей их генетической принадлежности и т. д. Представлены взаимосвязи: гидрофильность минералов и их плотность, плотность-твердость. Обращено внимание на несоответствие химических составов ряда минералов их утвержденным в КНМ ММА формулам, на наличие своеобразной приниженности роли в них некоторых элементов (особенно редких земель) и целесообразность ревизионного пересмотра некоторых понятий минерал-разновидность (особенно в среде давно открытых минералов)

Книга представляет интерес для геологов и студентов геологических факультетов, коллекционеров и для лиц, увлекающихся минералогией.

Wer Steine sammelt, möchte am liebsten den ganzen Planeten bereisen. Jeder Flecken Erde kann interessant sein. Für echte Mineralien- und Edelsteinsammler gibt es deshalb keine Grenzen, schon gar keine politischen. Sinnvoll ist vielleicht eine Grenze, die zwischen Kalkgesteinen und Graniten verläuft: Auf der einen Seite findet man ein paar kleine Calcite, jenseits der Grenze aber winken herrliche Topase, Berylle, Apatite und Turmaline. Doch weil wir Menschen sind, erfinden wir eben auch unsinnige Grenzen, zum Beispiel jene zwischen Ost und West. Auch wenn Deutschland nicht so extrem im „Westen" liegt wie Amerika, und Rußland nicht so extrem im ..Osten" wie China, so empfinden wir im deutsch-russischen Verhältnis doch eine Art Ost-West-Konflikt. Die Ursachen dafür sind jüngeren Datums, und wer zwei- bis dreihundert Jahre zurückblickt, entdeckt, daß die Sammlerherzen älterer Zeiten weit verzweigte und fruchtbare Freundschaftsbande geknüpft und gepflegt haben.

Westliche Fürsten und östliche Zaren tauschten nicht nur Waren, Kunst und Technik miteinander aus, sie förderten auch den Ost-West-Dialog der Wissenschaften. So schickten sie kistenweise Mineralien, Edelsteine und Fossilien hin und her, Sammler und Wissenschaftler pendelten zwischen Ost und West, zahlreiche Publikationen wurden ausgetauscht, es wurde lebhaft geforscht und diskutiert - alles in allem war es ein fruchtbarer Boden, auf dem auch mineralogisch sehr viel wachsen konnte.

Und wie sieht es heute aus? Was bringt uns das viel gepriesene Kommunikations-Zeitalter? Die Grenzen sind heute zwar wieder offener denn je, nicht nur elektronisch. Blickt man aber zurück in die Geschichte, scheint in der Ost-West-Mineralogie früher mehr los gewesen zu sein. Grund genug, erneut in Richtung Rußland zu blicken. Nicht misstrauisch, sondern mit der Freude, Reise- und Entdeckerlust, mit der dies z. B. im 19. Jahrhundert geschah. Das vorliegende extraLapis möge dazu beitragen: Noch nie gab es in deutscher Sprache einen so komprimierten Überblick über die russische Landesmineralogie, einen praxisorientierten Leitfaden zu diesem Sammelgebiet.

Und schließlich: Wenn wir als Sammler, ob in Ost oder West, die wir alle eine gemeinsame Liebe teilen - die kristallisierten Schätze der Erde - wenn wir es nicht schaffen, in Freundschaft alte Grenzen zu überwinden, wer soll es dann? Doch schauen wir erst einmal kurz nach Osten: Wo liegt Rußland überhaupt?

The issue contains the most comprehensive description of the Kerch iron- ore basin, including historical and geological sketches. Besides ore deposits some other geological phenomena of the region are described. Mineralogical decription of 160 mineral species is the main part of the volume, the most interesting minerals being characterized in details.

The author has been studing the Kerch mineralogy for more then 20 years and at present is one of the most knowledgeable experts of the region.

Предлагаемая книга включает материалы, необходимые для осваивания и применения метода инфракрасной спектроскопии в минералогии, геохимии, кристаллохимии в целях определения строения, химического, состава, изучения явлений изоморфных замещений, полиморфных превращений, степени кристалличности и т.д.

Работа рассчитана на студентов-минералогов, геохимиков, петрографов и кристаллографов, а также может быть использована в качестве справочного материала специалистами, которые соприкасаются в своей работе с молекулярной спектроскопией неорганических веществ и природных неорганических соединений— минералов.

The contributions of this book arose from a conference on "Mineralogy and analytics of highpurity Si02 raw materials" held in June 2011 in Freiberg, Germany. The 15 chapters are written by international experts and reflect the state of the art in the field of quartz and silica raw materials. The book covers the broad field of Si02 minerals and rocks and shows the progress made during the last decades in the evaluation of deposits and the application of advanced characterization methods to study the genesis and properties of these materials.

In the broad sense the subject of this book belongs to the properties and specifics of both natural and synthetic materials of the Si02 system. The chapters are dealing mainly with the mineral quartz, which is one of the most frequent minerals of the Earth's crust and also an important raw material in the industry. Therefore, the book is addressed to graduate students and scientists in mineralogy, geology, chemistry, physics, materials science and engineering, as well as to people from the industry, who are working with the processing and technical application of quartz and Si02 material.

This extensive revision deals with the minerals talc, pyrophyllite, chlorite, serpentine, stilpnomelane, zussmanite, prehnite and apophyllite. The text has been completely rewritten and very much expanded to take account of the many advances that have been made in all aspects of the Earth sciences, not least mineralogy. Each chapter is headed by a brief tabulation of mineral data and ends with full references. Crystal structures are described and illustrated, followed by discussion of structural information gained from spectroscopic as well as X-ray and electron-optic methods. Chemical sections include many analyses and structural formulae, phase relations, igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary geochemistry, alteration and weathering. Examples are given of a range of mineral parageneses. Correlation between the various aspects of mineralogy are emphasized in order to provide a scientific understanding of minerals as well as their description and identification.

So great has been the expansion of research on layered silicates that a separate volume (3A, 2003) was devoted entirely to micas and another (3C), entirely for clay minerals will also be published.

Таблицы знаменитого американского специалиста Е. Ларсена (во втором издании — совместно с Г. Берманом) являются, как известно, одной из самых популярных книг в мировой минералогической литературе. Назначение их — способствовать максимально быстрому и полному распознаванию минералов микроскопическим путем. Особенно широко использован в них иммерсионный метод определения показателей преломления минералов. Извлечения из книги Ларсена в русском переводе печатались неоднократно, настоящее издание является первым полным переводом с необходимыми дополнениями по более новой литературе на текущий день. Одновременно это будет и необходимое учебное пособие для студентов наших втуаов, и настольная и справочная книга для наших геологов, минералогов, петрографов и горных инженеров.