Gas injection into geological formations and related topics / Закачка газа в геологические формации и связанные с этим темы

Transportation and handling of molten sulfur is inevitably challenging due to the anomalous rheological behaviour of sulfur with changing temperature. After melting at 115 °C, sulfur’s viscosity remains close to 10 cP. The onset of the λ-transition region is observed at T ≈ 160 °C. The viscosity drastically rises in this region, increasing to a maximum of about 93000 cP at 187 °C. This anomaly is due to the cleavage of sulfur rings and production of reactive diradical sulfur species that concatenate to create sulfur polymers. The entanglement of these sulfur chains causes the dramatic rise in viscosity. Within this work, new data is reported that examines the modifying effects of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) within liquid sulfur. 
This may be used when considering the potential injection of liquid sulfur into depleted reservoirs for safe long-term storage. H2S, when present in liquid sulfur, can either physically dissolve or chemically react to generate polysulfane. The chemical reaction causes significant changes in the sulfur chain distribution and consequently changes the viscosity curve of liquid sulfur as a function of temperature. This study reports viscosity measurements performed from 120 < T < 280 °C with concentrations of H2S in sulfur ranging from 0 ppmw to 284 ppmw. <...>