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This book deals with image-processing problems that arise in the process of automating some aspects of well log analysis. Each problem is first described in log analysis terms - that is, what task is performed by a log analyst and how it is accomplished in manual processing. Then algorithms for automating each function are presented and their meanings from the point of view of log analysis and image processing are explained. The term image processing is understood here, in its broadest sense, as any processing of any images.
Technology used to examine solid materials at the nanometer scale has existed for decades, but the interest in applying these methods to reservoir rocks has increased dramatically in recent years. Shale gas and shale oil reservoirs require this level of imaging to resolve the pore space, and other tight rocks benefit as well, particularly when clay-hosted porosity is common or wettability is difficult to characterize. A significant aspect of organic-rich reservoirs that is unique to them is the common occurrence of organic-hosted pores, which are portrayed in several chapters of this Memoir.
KARNER, G. D., MANATSCHAL, G. & PINHEIRO, L. M. Imaging, mapping and modelling continental lithosphere extension and breakup: an introduction
The Iberia-Newfoundland continental extensional system (geological and geophysical constraints) TUCHOLKE, B. E., SAWYER, D. S. & SIBUET, J.-C. Breakup of the Newfoundland-Iberia rift HOPPER, J. R., Funck, T. & TUCHOLKE, B. E. Structure of the Flemish Cap margin, Newfoundland: insights into mantle and crustal processes during continental breakup SIBUET, J.-C., Srivastava, S. P., Enachescu, M. & KARNER, G. D. Early Cretaceous motion of Flemish Cap with respect to North America: implications on the formation of Orphan Basin and SE Flemish Cap-Galicia Bank conjugate margins RESTON, T. J. The formation of non-volcanic rifted margins by the progressive extension of the lithosphere: the example of the West Iberian margin
This book contains papers presented at the Engineering Foundation Conference on mineral matter in fuels held on November 2-7, 1997 in Kona, Hawaii. The conference is one of a continuing series that was initiated by the CEGB Marchwood Engineering Laboratories in 1963. The conference was to be eventually organised by the Engineering Foundation as the need for multi-disciplinary work related to controlling ash effects in combustors became apparent. The conference covers both the science and the applications. The papers also present case histories, particularly for current fuel technologies, developments in advanced technologies for power generation and mathematical modelling of these processes.
This volume is the latest of eight books as a result of the activities of the scientific program on ”The Response of the Earth System to Impact Processes” (IMPACT) of the European Science Foundation (ESF). The ESF is the European association of national funding organisations of fundamental research, with more than 60 member organisations from more than 20 countries.
Важность понимания трехмерного кинематического управления при анализе мониторинга смещений в глубоких карьерах над подземными горными работами
Surface mining operations are increasingly involving the design and development of deeper and larger open pits, often with plans to transition into underground mass mining operations. Experiences at the Palabora Mine in South Africa demonstrate the complex interactions between underground workings and the steep slopes above that may lead to slope movements that potentially pose safety and economic concerns. To properly assess the rock mass response to these interactions for planning of future developments, understanding the controlling influence of geological and geomechanical structures is crucial. Preliminary results are presented from a detailed review of historical slope monitoring data from the Palabora Mine, before and after the initiation of block caving 400-m beneath a 800-m deep pit. This paper demonstrates that a detailed analysis of geology and monitoring data can be used to better understand the kinematic controls of complex rock slope displacements and interactions between open pits and underground mines. This investigative treatment of the monitoring data is important in understanding the failure mechanisms prior to undertaking sophisticated 3-D numerical models
Case studies involving a range of approaches to modelling a variety of orebodies highlight the importance of geological controls and constraints as well as understanding statistics and geostatistics in achieving predictions which reconcile with reality.
Reconciliation issues can be related to mineralisation style and the failure to recognise the appropriate boundary and statistical/geostatistical characteristics.
Accurate recoverable resource estimation and grade control procedures are the foundation of successful mining ventures. Long, medium and short term planning in a mining operation are all dependent upon precise estimations. For example, poor estimation may result in the long term in a pit being incorrectly optimised, in the medium term cashflow forecasts may be disastrously inaccurate, and in the short term the allocation of ore and waste material by grade control may be erroneous.
В книгу вошли воспоминания, статьи и другие материалы, посвященные жизни и творчеству выдающегося палеоботаника и теоретика биологии С.В. Мейена (1935- 1987). Публикуются важнейшие работы ученого по теории эволюции, философии и проблемам преподавания естественно-научных дисциплин. Для биологов, геологов, философов и широкого круга лиц, интересующихся общими проблемами биологии и геологии.