Добрый день, Коллеги. Важное сообщение, просьба принять участие. Музей Ферсмана ищет помощь для реставрационных работ в помещении. Подробности по ссылке
Cenozoic, mafic alkaline volcanic rocks throughout West Antarctica (WA) occupy diverse tectonic environments. On the Antarctic Peninsula (AP), late Miocene Pleistocene (7 to < 1 Ma) alkaline basaltic rocks were erupted < 1 to 45 million years after subduction ceased along the Pacific margin of the AP. In Marie Byrd Land (MBL), by contrast, alkaline basaltic volcanism has been semi-continuous from 25-30 Ma to the present, and occurs in the West Antarctic rift system. Together, these Antarctic tectono-magmatic associations are analogous to the Basin and Range, Sierran, and Coast Range batholith provinces.
ROBERTSON, A. H. F. & MOUNTRAKIS, D. Tectonic development of the Eastern Mediterranean region: an introduction
SMITH, A. G. Tethyan ophiolite emplacement, Africa to Europe motions, and Atlantic spreading
HIMMERKUS, F., REISCHMANN, T. & KOSTOPOULOS, D. Late Proterozoic and Silurian basement units within the Serbo-Macedonian Massif, northern Greece: the significance of terrane accretion in the Hellenides
YANEV, S., GONCIOOI3LU, M. C., GEDIK, I., LAKOVA, I., BONCHEVA, I., SACHANSKI, V., OKUYUCU, C., OZGf0L, N., TIMUR, E., MALIAKOV, Y. & SAYDAM, G. Stratigraphy, correlations and palaeogeography of Palaeozoic terranes of Bulgaria and NW Turkey: a review of recent data
ROMANO, S. S., BRIX, M. R., DORR, W., FIALA, J., KRENN, E. & ZULAUF, G. The Carboniferous to Jurassic evolution of the pre-Alpine basement of Crete: constraints from U-Pb and U-(Th)-Pb dating of orthogneiss, fission-track dating of zircon, structural and petrological data
First of ail, we would like to extend our sincere thanks to Professor Umberto Giuseppe Gordani and Professor Diogenes de Almeida Campos of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences for their kind invitation to participate in this important project. The unconditional confidence placed in us and the complete autonomy over editorial policy that we had during this period were fundamental to the success of this major undertaking. Between February 1999 when a formal invitation was made to the contributors to this volume and the date this went lo press in August 2000, there has been a year and a half of intense editing procedures. However, the effort dedicated lo this monumental task has been amply rewarded by the quality of ihe final product.
Tectonic geomorphology is a relatively young subdiscipline of geomorphology. During the past decades, tectonic geo- morphology has developed into several main areas of emphasis including: landscape evolution of active plate margins; mountain building; development of active fault and fold systems; the evolution of passive margins, continental interiors and plateau uplift; volcanic geomorphology; paleoseismology and seismic hazard assessment; and interaction of tectonics, climate change, erosion, and polygenetic landscapes and hazard mitigation. These areas of focus reflect the growth of new studies in tectonics, climate and, Earth surfaces processes, and technological advances such as remote sensing, global positioning systems (GPSs), computers, geochronology, shallow geophysics and geochemistry.
The Irtysh shear zone (ISZ) is an important structure in the framework of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB). It represents the site of final collision of Kazakhstan with Siberia during Hercynian times and records up to 1000 km of lateral displacement during subsequent reorganization in the CAOB edifice. We present new zircon U/Pb, apatite fission track and fault kinematic data along the ISZ and consequently derived its tectonic history with emphasis on its formation and reactivation episodes. Carboniferous (340–320 Ma) zircon U/Pb ages were obtained for the syn- and post-collisional Kalba–Narym intrusives, dating their emplacement in the framework of the Siberia–Kazakhstan collision. During this period, the ISZ experienced an ‘early brittle’ left-lateral, mainly transtensional stress regime. Late Carboniferous–Early Permian post-collisional intrusives were emplaced and the stress regime changed to a ‘late brittle regime, characterized by more compressional conditions, indicating rheological strengthening as a response to cessation of ductile shearing and cooling of the ISZ crust. Apatite fission track data and thermal history modeling reveal Late Cretaceous (100–70 Ma) cooling of the ISZ basement rocks as a response to denudation of a bordering Late Mesozoic Altai orogen. After this denudation event, the tectonic activity ceased during the Late Mesozoic–Early Cenozoic. A final step of cooling (from 25 Ma), exhibited by some of the thermal history models, may reflect reactivation of the ISZ and initiation of Cenozoic Altai mountain building. The Late Plio-Pleistocene phase of mountain building coincides with a new change in the Palaeostress field, characterized by minor transpressional, right-lateral shear conditions.
Age-frequency data are used to determine amounts of vertical tectonic displacement experienced by the global population of orogenic gold deposits following their emplacement at a crustal depth of 10 ± 1 km. Knowledge of this tectonic dispersion allows for an estimate of the total crustal endowment of gold in orogenic gold deposits. This estimate is based on a compilation of data on 365 orogenic gold deposits, of which gold contents are available for 314 deposits and good age control is available for 126 deposits. Ages of well-dated deposits form three clusters that range in age from 47 to 850 Ma (primarily Phanerozoic; 69 deposits), 1730 to 2090 Ma (Proterozoic; 13 deposits), and 2540 to 3107 Ma (Archean; 44 deposits).
TECTONICS and structural geology are closely related in both their subject matter and their approach to the study of Earth's evolution. Although traditionally taught as courses that are distinct from the other branches of geological study such as petrology, paleontology, and geophysics, tectonics and structural geology have large areas of interdependence and overlap with these other fields. The overall goal of geology is to understand the evolution of a single planet, after all, and the pieces of the jigsaw puzzle must ultimately fit together. The practice and study of tectonics and structural geology require a familiarity with the scientific method and with a variety of standard techniques of data acquisition and analysis. Thus, an overview of tectonics and structural geology and a discussion of some of these basic techniques are the topics of Part I. <...>
The following structural elements have been recognized to constitute the tectonic demarcation of Central Asian Foldbelt: (1) The Kazakhstan–Baikal composite continent, its basement formed in Vendian–Cambrian as a result of Paleoasian oceanic crust, along with Precambrian microcontinents and Gondwana-type terranes, subduction beneath the southeastern margin of the Siberian continent (western margin in present-day coordinates). The subduction and subsequent collision of microcontinents and terranes with the Kazakhstan–Tuva–Mongolia island arc led to crustal consolidation and formation of the composite-continent basement. In Late Cambrian and Early Ordovician, this continent was separated from Siberia by the Ob’–Zaisan ocean basin. (2) The Vendian and Paleozoic Siberian continental margin complexes comprising the Vendian–Cambrian Kuznetsk–Altai island arc and the rock complexes of Ordovician–Early Devonian passive margin and Devonian to Early Carboniferous active margin. Fragments of Vendian–Early Cambrian oceanic crust represented by ophiolite and paleo-oceanic mounds dominate in the accretionary wedges of island arc. The Gondwana-type continental blocks are absent in western Siberian continental margin complexes and supposedly formed at the convergent boundary of a different ocean, probably, Paleopacific. (3) The Middle–Late Paleozoic Charysh–Terekta–Ulagan–Sayan suture-shear zone separating the continental margin complexes of Siberia and Kazakhstan–Baikal. It is composed of fragments of Cambrian and Early Ordovician oceanic crust of the Ob’–Zaisan basin, Ordovician blueschists and Cambrian–Ordovician turbidites, and Middle Paleozoic metamorphic rocks of shear zones. In the suture zone, the Kazakhstan–Baikal continental masses moved westward along the southeastern margin of Siberia. In Late Devonian and Early Carboniferous, the continents amalgamated to form the North Asian continent. (4) The Late Paleozoic strike-slip faults forming an orogenic collage of terranes, which resulted from Late Devonian to Early Carboniferous collision between Kazakhstan–Baikal and Siberian continents and Late Carboniferous to Permian and Late Permian to Early Triassic collisions between East European Craton and North Asian continent. As a result, the Vendian to Middle Paleozoic accretion-collisional continental margins of Siberia and the entire Kazakhstan–Baikal composite continent became fragmented by large-amplitude (up to a few thousand kilometers) strike-slip faults and conjugate thrusts into several strike-slip terranes, which mixed with each other and thus disrupted the original geodynamic, tectonic, and paleogeographic demarcation.
Tethyan evolution STAMPFLI, G. M. Tethyan oceans 1 OKAY, A. 1. Was the Late Triassic orogeny in Turkey caused by the collision of an oceanic plateau? ROBERTSON, A. H. F. & PICKETT, E. A. Palaezoic-Early Tertiary Tethyan evolution of melanges, rift and passive margin units in the Karaburun Peninsula (western Turkey) and Chios Island (Greece) ALTINER, D., OZCAN-ALTINER, S. & KogYicfr, A. Late Permian foraminiferal biofacies belts in Turkey: palaeogeographic and tectonic implications
ROBERTSON, A. H. F. Mesozoic-Tertiary tectonic-sedimentary evolution of a south Tethyan oceanic basin and its margins in southern Turkey
In the past few decades, the petroleum industry has seen great exploration successes in petroliferous sedimentary basins worldwide; however, the net volume of hydrocarbons discovered each year has been declining since the late 1970s, and the number of new field discoveries per year has dropped since the early 1990s. We are finding hydrocarbons in more difficult places and in more subtle traps. Although geophysical and engineering technologies are crucial to much of the exploration success, fundamentally, the success is dependent on innovative play concepts associated with spatial and temporal relationships among deformation, deposition, and hydrocarbon accumulation. <...>
