This book is devoted to the theory of geoelectromagnetic oscillations and waves, i.e. waves of natural origin arising in the Earth’s crust, in the ocean, in the atmosphere, in the ionosphere, in the magnetosphere and in the interplanetary medium in front of the magnetosphere.
We have sought to give a simple and clear presentation of the physical picture of the waves. When selecting the material special attention was paid to the theoretical inferences that can be easily compared with the observational data. Complicated and unwieldy calculations were omitted where possible. At the same time, where formulae have been presented without derivation, we have tried to explain their physical meaning.

The Data Analysis Center for Geomagnetism and Space Magnetism has dual aspects: it is a facility of the Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University and, at the same time, it is part of the international organization, World Data Centers.

Развѣдки пластовыхъ мѣсторожденій посредствомъ шурфовъ встрѣчаются въ горной практикѣ почти на. каждомъ шагу, между тѣмъ какъ описанія способовъ веденія шурфованія не находимъ ни въ одной изъ литературъ. Этотъ довольно странный фактъ можно объяснить тѣмъ, что теоретики, къ сожалѣнію, придаютъ слишкомъ мало значенія этому важному вопросу, практики же не имѣютъ достаточно времени и причинъ на изложеніе собранныхъ ими данныхъ, въ которыхъ теоретики, повидимому, не нуждаются <...>

Между породами, составляющими продукты вывѣтриванія различнаго рода другихъ горпыхъ породъ, ужо давно обратили ш себя вниманіе.'такъ называемые латериты. Насколько можпо судить по матеріалу, имѣющемуся въ литературѣ, паши свѣдѣнія о шіхъ весьма ограничены. М. Вайет въ ‘своей статьѣ, вышедшей въ концѣ 1898 г. $), справедливо удивляется, что, не смотря на огромное распространеніе латеритовъ, мы такъ мало о шгхъ знаемъ.

The word “clays” was assigned early to fine grained material in geological formations (Agricola 1546) or soils (de Serres 1600). Clays have been identified as mineral species in the begining of the 19th century in the production of ceramic materials (Brongniart 1844). Then Ebelmen (1847) carefully analyzed the decomposition of rocks under chemical attack and the way that porcelain can be commonly made. Since this pionner works, the definition of clays has varied.

Исторія нашего горнозаводскаго дѣла обыкновенно начинается съ начала ІѴШ пѣна, т. о. со временъ Петра. И дѣйствительно при царѣ Алексѣѣ Михайловичѣ горные заводы, въ собственномъ смыслѣ атого слова, лишь начинаютъ возникать, да и атк первыя попытки не отличаются замѣтными результатами. Только при Петрѣ гораозаводское дѣло, благодаря необычайной энергіи этого Государя я ряду принятыхъ имъ особыхъ исключительныхъ мѣръ, быстро и прочно водворяется въ нашемъ государствѣ; по размѣрамъ производства чугуна н желѣза Россія, на ряду со Швеціей, сразу занимаетъ первое мѣсто среди европейскихъ государствъ.

This book starts with conversions. Although the metric system is being adopted worldwide, older data from Anglo-American countries will always be non-metric. Any deposit evaluation should be based on solid historical research. Many deposits have a long exploration history. Meticulous investigation of older data often answers many questions and avoids mistakes.
In addition, uncommon units used in the raw materials field are introduced.

Thereafter the book generally follows the usual steps of an evaluation: Assessment of tonnage and grades; conversion of geological data into mining data; derivation of a commodity price; calculation of return per tonne of ore; determination of optimum mine capacity; estimation of capital and production costs; final economic evaluation as appropriate for early stage projects.

The book ends with four chapters dealing with aspects of general interest to economic geologists and mineral economists: Valuation of exploration projects without mineralization, comparison of deposits, calculations of growth rates and equity

The use of mineral resources has been fundamental to human activity: from housing to household goods, from industrial equipment to energy, and from high technology to space exploration, mining has provided the basics of life to the human race. The mining industry produces energy, metals, and minerals that are essential to economic prosperity and a better quality of life. As important as these benefits are, mining activity produces social and environmental impacts on communities, and requires a more responsible mining practice—it requires sustainable mine management.

The economics of the resources industry are unique. All mining is subject to uncertainties not applicable to other industries. Every mine is different. Industry economics are difficult to quantify and categorize. Information is very costly.
In major mining countries, there is now a real dichotomy.