Previous studies of the availability of lithium for use in batteries to power electric vehicles (EVs) have reached the generally encouraging conclusion that resources are sufficient to meet growing demand for the remainder of the 21st century. However, these surveys have not looked past estimates of lithium resource to the geological constraints on deposit size and composition that will allow the resources to be converted to reserves from which lithium can be produced economically. In this survey, we review the relevant geological features of the best characterized pegmatite, brine and other types of lithium deposits and compare their potential for large-scale, long-term production. The comparison shows that the average brine deposit (1.45 Mt Li) is more than an order of magnitude larger than the average pegmatite deposit (0.11 Mt Li) and that brine deposits, especially the large Atacama (Chile) and Uyuni (Bolivia) deposits, have a much larger total lithium resource (21.6 Mt Li).

As is well known, the study of tectonics, the branch of geology dealing with large-scale Earth structures and their deformation, experienced a major breakthrough in the 1960s with the formulation of plate tectonics. The simultaneous confi rmation of sea fl oor spreading and continental drift, together with the recognition of transform faults and subduction zones, derived from the interpretation of new and improved data from the fi elds of marine geology and geophysics, and earthquake seismology. By 1970 the essentials of plate tectonics – the extent of plates, the nature of the plate boundaries, and the geometry and kinematics of their relative and fi nite motions – were well documented.

All terms listed in this Glossary have appeared in English-language publications or other writings in English and generally reflect NorthAmerican usage, unless otherwise noted. Many obsolete terms have been retained, as they remain valuable to readers using the older literature. Besides giving the current or preferred meaning of a term, some definitions include information on original usage or historical development

На своей тридцать четвертой сессии бывший Комитет по газу Европейской экономической комиссии Организации Объединенных Наций, рассмотрев вопрос о развитии газового сектора, постановил обновить прежний ’’Глосссарий по запасам природного газа и экономике их эксплуатации”, опубликованный голландской компанией Rijks Geologische Dienst. В основу нового варианта этого глоссария положены результаты работы Совещания экспертов по ресурсам природного газа, и в частности подготовленный правительством Нидерландов документ GAS/GE.4/R. 31/Add.7, а также проект сводного доклада ’’Классификация запасов и ресурсов природного газа” (ENERGY/WP.3/GE.l/R.l/Rev.l), подготовленный правительством бывшего Союза Советских Социалистических Республик, и окончательный вариант руководства ’’Составление классификации скважин” (GAS/GE.4/R. 26/Add.l/Rev.4), представленный правительством Австрии. Совещание экспертов по ресурсам природного газа постановило распространить настоящий глоссарий на своей восемнадцатой сессии в июне 1995 года. Глоссарий был подготовлен докладчиком от Германии.