The ever increasing amount of data on crystal arrangement in igneous and metamorphic rocks, alloys and ceramics, shows that the microtextures of these materials result from sequences of crystal growth and resorption. Metallurgists have become knowledgeable in the interpretation of textures and can make or modify textures of alloys in order to obtain specifjc responses to traction, distortion, etc. The modifications in texture can be reproduced or changed as often as desired. By analogy, it is probable that the microtextures observed in rocks may result from the same processes that govern similar textures in manufactured products. <...>

Zuverlässige Kenntnisse über die Migrationsprozesse bilden eine entscheidende Grundlage zur erfolgreichen Bewirtschaftung und zum wirksamen Schutz unterirdischer Wasserressourcen. Ihre computergestützte Simulation bildet den Kern und zugleich das Ordnungsprinzip des Buches. Sie ist die Basis sowohl für die Projektierung effektiver Maßnahmen als auch für eine optimale Prozeßführung (CAD/CAM) und setzt die Existenz simulierbarer mathematischer Prozeßmodelle voraus.

The science of igneous petrology requires three things: igneous rocks, human beings, and an appropriate methodology for the acquisition of knowledge and understanding about the igneous rocks. Magmatic activity and igneous rocks have characterized the crust throughout the 4.5 billion years of Earth history.

Mining has played an instrumental role in the development of modern society. These benefits have associated impacts and risks that must be managed by mining companies to retain their social licence to operate. A critical risk remains the ability to sustainably close mining operations. The concept of planning and executing mine closure has existed for a number of decades with the overarching philosophy “that closure should be considered throughout the lifecycle of a mine, from cradle to cradle” (Grant 2018). Regardless, there remain very few examples worldwide of successful mine closure and subsequent lease relinquishment, with notable exceptions (e.g. Grant 2006; Lacy & Bennett 2015). A major part of the challenge is that closure planning is rarely seen within the culture of the industry as a core business activity, and subsequently it is rarely integrated with other mineplanning activities more relevant to the day-to-day operation of the mine (e.g. short and medium mine planning, LoAP). This is generally due to the lack of ownership of closure issues by the site mine management teams, as closure is either seen as being too far into the future or someone else’s problem. This is despite the establishment of clear closure policy by most mining corporations and the many changes in mine closure related regulation around the globe <...>