Metamorphism is broadly a process of solid-state change in the mineralogy, texture and chemistry of rocks in the Earth's crust. It provides a powerful record of change in the Earth's most active settings where metamorphism has proceeded in response to global tectonics.

Нижний карбон Санкт-Петербургского региона (северо-запад России) / Полевой путеводитель XVIII Международного конгресса по каменноугольному и пермскому периодам. Санкт-Петербург, 8-10 августа.

Lower Carboniferous deposits are distributed within a wide area of the northwestern part of the Moscow basin. They have been known for many years as the source of mineral deposits of bauxite, brown coal, and other industrial minerals, including fireproof clays and building materials as the most important. 
The geologic investigation of these Lower Carboniferous deposits began more than 200 years ago. Many well-known geologists and academicians such as S. G. Gmelin, S. F. Olivieri, G. P. Gelmersen, R. Murchison, E. Verneuil, N. P. Barbot de Marni, E. Eichwald, A.A. Inostrantsev, and P. A. Zamyatchensky made the first step in the geological investigation of the region, laid thefoundation of the stratigraphy of the Lower Carboniferous strata of the northwestern part of the Moscow basin. 

European pottery studies frequently include petrological analysis as an assumed, routine part of any serious ceramic study. However, despite the legacy of Anna Shepard's formative work in Mesoamerican ceramic studies technological analyses are virtually absent from recent reports.

The role played by plume-generated crustal magmatic complexes in the segmentation of volcanic margins is highlighted by a preliminary study of magma flow directions in shallow intrusives from the East Greenland volcanic margin. We investigate the magmatic texture using anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility for eight dykes of tholeitic affinity belonging to a dyke swarm associated with the Tertiary opening of the North Atlantic Ocean. The thickness of the sampled dykes ranges from 3 to 37 m. The dykes are of doleritic texture and contain up to 12% of opaque minerals and 35% of plagioclase laths. Dykes showing a magnetic foliation plane within the dyke plane, i.e. a magnetic fabric usually attributed to magmatic processes, represent 40% of the samples from the studied swarm. These dykes have a low degree of anisotropy and their ellipsoid of magnetic susceptibility is strongly oblate. Inverse magnetic fabrics, where the maximum principal susceptibility axis lies near the pole to the dyke account for 60% of the data. We interpret these inverse fabrics either as alteration minerals with highly prolate ellipsoids of magnetic susceptibility or primary titanomagnetites with oblate ellipsoid of low anisotropy. The flow direction is inferred for normal fabric dykes using the mirror imbrication of magnetic lineation. Analysis of thin sections shows a good agreement between magnetic fabric directions and phenocryst preferred orientations. The inferred flow directions are predominantly horizontal, throwing a new light on volcanic margin development.