There is a vast difference between a structural engineer and a geotechnical engineer in terms of the material being used. A structural engineer defines the properties of the concerned material, such as concrete or steel, and carries out only a limited number of control tests according to the required standards. In contrast, the material used by a geotechnical engineer is natural and thus, by definition, it can be spatially heterogeneous and, in composition, it can be multiphasic, discontinuous or even anisotropic. This leaves the geotechnical engineer with no choice but to accept it as it is and to accommodate themselves to it. Moreover, while developments in numerical modeling depend increasingly on specific advanced test parameters, soil testing programs remain limited because of the competition between contractors to reduce costs and time. 

In this paper, we review a suite of techniques for determination of in situ stress orientation and magnitude in deep wells and boreholes. As these techniques can be utilized in both vertical and highly deviated wells, they have had extensive application in the petroleum industry where knowledge of stress orientation and magnitude at depth is important for addressing a wide range of problems.

The Q-system was developed at NGI between 1971 and 1974 (Barton et al. 1974). Since the introduction of the Q-system in 1974 there has been a considerable development within support philosophy and technology in underground excavations. Several new types of rock bolts have been introduced, and the continuous development of fi bre reinforced technology has in many ways changed the support procedure. Application of sprayed concrete has gained acceptance even for good quality rock masses due to demands for a higher level of safety during the recent years. Reinforced ribs of sprayed concrete have replaced cast concrete structures to a large extent.

В настоящее время наблюдения за изменением геомеханического состояния породного массива и деформациями объектов при строительстве подземных сооружений ведутся различными организациями по ведомственным инструкциям, предназначенным для решения иных, как правило, более узких задач. Эти инструкции содержат неодинаковые требования к точности измерений, различные методики проведения наблюдений и обработки их результатов.

The Present and Future of Rock Testing: Highlighting the ISRM Suggested Methods Resat Ulusay

Part I Laboratory Testing

ISRM Suggested Method for Determination of the Schmidt Hammer Rebound Hardness: Revised Version Adnan Aydin

Suggested Methods for Determining the Dynamic Strength Parameters and Mode-I Fracture Toughness of Rock Materials Y. X. Zhou, K. Xia, X. B. Li, H. B. Li, G. W. Ma, J. Zhao, Z. L. Zhou and F. Dai

ISRM Suggested Method for the Determination of Mode II Fracture Toughness

Tobias Backers and Ove Stephansson

This method of test is intended to measure the uniaxial compressive strength of a rock sample in the form of specimens of regular geometry. The test is mainly intended for strength classification and characterization of intact rock. <...>

Монография обобщает результаты многолетних работ автора. Рассмотрены основные принципы определения коэффициентов крепости на физических моделях и по данным натурных процессов. Дана оценка различных способов определения коэффициентов. Проверены корреляционные связи между коэффициентами крепости и основными показателями процессов горной технологии. Предложена новая методика вычисления общих коэффициентов крепости по результатам испытаний, дающая более точные результаты.
Книга рассчитана на исследователей и практиков горнодобывающей промышленности, инженеров-геологов, строителей подземных сооружений, инженеров-промысловиков, конструкторов и строителей горных машин, преподавателей и студентов горных и машиностроительных вузов.

Keynote paper. Mechanics of landslides. P. R. VAUGHAN
Determination of soil strength parameters for the analysis of highway slope failures.
G. I. CRABB and J. H. ATKINSON
Stability analysis of a complex landslide under static and dynamic conditions. A. CANCELLI,
G.    CROSTA and P. ROMANI
Residual strength of volcanic clay. D. H. CORNFORTH and K. F. FUJUANI
Tension cracks and slope failure. R. N. CHOWDHURY and S. ZHANG —
Observation of Graben geometry in landslides. D. M. CRUDEN, S. THOMSON andB. A. HOFFMANN
A model for prediction of piezometric levels in landslides. R. FELL, T. G. CHAPMAN and P.K. MAGUIRE
Calculation procedures for slope stability analyses involving negative pore-water pressures.
H.    RAHARDJO and D. G. FREDLUND

This book has its origin in an interdisciplinary graduate class that I’ve taught at Stanford University for a number of years and a corresponding short course given in the petroleum industry. As befitting the subject matter, the students in the courses representa variety of disciplines – reservoir engineers and geologists, drilling engineers and geophysicists. In this book, as in the courses, I strive to communicate key concepts from diverse disciplines that, when used in a coordinated way, make it possible to develop a comprehensive geomechanical model of a reservoir and the formations above it. I then go on to illustrate how to put such a model to practical use.