This book is designed as a companion volume to AAPG Memoir 27. As with its predecessor volume, the purpose of this book is to provide identified illustrations of important grains, textures, cements, and porosity types for geologists who may not be specialists in the petrography of sandstones and associated sedimentary rocks.

Sandstone petrography is of particular interest to the explorationist for several reasons. First, it can provide valuable information on the detailed composition of sedimentary rocks. From this, one can often draw conclusions about the lithology, climate, and tectonic history of the source area, as well as predicting the response of such units to a variety of subsurface diagenetic environments. Second, one can acquire significant data on the grain size, sorting, and rounding of sedimentary grains. For lithified sediments this may be the only way to obtain such data, which may be useful in determinations of the transport mechanisms and depositional environment of the sediment. Third, information may be obtained on the postdepositional alteration history of sedimentary rocks. This may include data on compaction, cementation, leaching, fracturing, porosity types, and other factors. These are essential for a proper understanding of reservoir rocks and, commonly, petrography provides the only technique fort gathering accurate data on such diagenetic factors <...>

В учебно-методическом пособии приводятся программы обработки нолевых и лабораторных наблюдений, моделирования процессов формирования геохимических аномалий - решения прямых и обратных задач, возникающих при геохимических поисках рудных месторождений. Описание программ начинается о кратких пояснений и перечисления задач, решаемых с их помощью. Приводятся математические зависимости, положенные в их основу, и по установленной форме - текст программы, а также краткие указания по работе с ними.

This book is crafted against the backdrop of the commodities super-cycle that we had in the first decade of the 21st Century, and the mining industry having learnt severe lessons. Dr Ian Runge summarized the decade-long experiment with the prioritization of volumes and said, “The economics of mining is at an inflection point. For the last decade or so our focus has been on developing mines and bringing them into production. It is not production on its own that is important, it is how efficiently we can produce.”¹ The message was echoed by Ivan Glasberg, Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Glencor at the time of penning this book: “The big guys really screwed up (during the super-cycle) by building too many mines”, and as a result he opined that miners needed to learn about supply and demand fundamentals. “The real trap in the gold industry in the past was chasing volume,” said Tom Palmer, Newmont CEO and, “No one made any real money,” according to Barrick Gold Corporation’s CEO, Mark Bristow. <...>

Geostatistics is a subset of statistics specialized in analysis and interpretation of geographically referenced data (Goovaerts, 1997; Webster and Oliver, 2001; Nielsen and Wendroth, 2003). In other words, geostatistics comprises statistical techniques that are adjusted to spatial data. Typical questions of interest to a geostatistician are:

how does a variable vary in space?

what controls its variation in space?

where to locate samples to describe its spatial variability?

how many samples are needed to represent its spatial variability?

what is a value of a variable at some new location?

what is the uncertainty of the estimate?

For any oilfield analysis, it is necessary to understand how to calculate areas, volumes and capacities. Fortunately, areas and capacities of tubing and casing are in most field handbooks and in the engineering tables of this book. Most readers of this document will remember how to calculate areas and volumes from grade school, so only a brief review is presented here. The engineering tables at the back of this book provide all the necessary data to determine well capacities quite easily. The first few sample problems are solved manually to show how the tables were generated. Thereafter, the tables will be used as much as possible to simplify the problem solving. Understanding how the data was generated will make the calculations more meaningful and the tables easier to use. In any case, a clear understanding of the basic principles is necessary before proceeding as subsequent concepts will build on prior ones <...>

Геологоразведочная деятельность призвана обеспечить минерально-сырьевой базой горнодобывающую промышленность.
Геологоразведочные работы осуществляются поэтапно, в определенной последовательности, причем каждый этап имеет свои цели и свою методику достижения этих целей.

In terms of both volume and mass, waste dumps associated with large open pit mines are arguably the largest manmade structures on Earth. Their footprints typically exceed the aerial extent and their heights often rival the depths of the open pits from which the material used to construct them is derived.

В руководстве содержится описание солевого, бактериального и газового состава подземных вод, методика отбора проб воды, газа и пород для различных видов анализа. Излагаются методы полного химического анализа воды, причем для удобства пользования книгой в текст ее включены теоретические сведения, объясняющие сущность изложенных методов. Заключительные разделы книги посвящены способам обработки данных различных анализов и составлению гидрохимических карт.
Книга предназначается для студентов геологических факультетов университетов, горных институтов, а также может быть использована инженерно-техническими работниками, деятельность которых связана с изучением общих вопросов, гидрогеологии и гидрохимии.

Дается краткая характеристика особых условий строительства в карстовых районах. Рекомендуется оценивать устойчивость территорий и производить расчеты зданий и сооружений по данным о среднегодовом количестве провалов, приходящихся на единицу площади, и графикам распределения провалов по их величине. Рассматриваются особенности составления схем районной планировки, генеральных планов городов и проектов детальной планировки. Даются рекомендации по определению характера застройки территорий в зависимости от их устойчивости и излагаются основные требования к жилищному и гражданскому строительству в карстовых районах. Приводятся рекомендации по выбору конструктивных схем и реиений промышленных зданий и сооружений. В приложениях дается обоснование рекомендуемого характера застройки территорий и излагается метод расчета ленточных фундаментов как одного из рекомендуемых средств защиты от карстовых провалов ограниченного размера.
Рекомендации предназначены для инженерно-технических работников проектных и изыскательских организаций.

Coring is the removal of sample formation material from a wellbore. To the extent possible, core samples are taken in an undamaged, physically unaltered state. The formation material may be solid rock, friable rock, conglomerates, unconsolidated sands, coal, shales, gumbos, or clays. Coring can be conducted by various methods with a variety of tools.