Tne physical properties of crystals are defined by relations between measurable quantities. Density, for example, is defined from a relation between mass and volume. Now both mass and volume may be measured without reference to direction, and, accordingly, density is a property that does not depend on direction. On the other hand, a crystal property such as electrical conductivity is defined as a relation between two measurable quantities (the electric field and the current density) both of which have to be specified in direction as well as in magnitude.

Saeed Farrokhpay Editorial for the Special Issue: “Physical Separation and Enrichment” 

Sunil Kumar Tripathy, Y Rama Murthy, Veerendra Singh, Saeed Farrokhpay and Lev O. Filippov Improving the Quality of Ferruginous Chromite Concentrates Via Physical Separation Methods

Jianwu Zeng, Xiong Tong, Fan Yi and Luzheng Chen Selective Capture of Magnetic Wires to Particles in High Gradient Magnetic Separation

Kwanho Kim and Soobok Jeong Separation of Monazite from Placer Deposit by Magnetic Separation

Yuekan Zhang, Peikun Liu, Lanyue Jiang, Xinghua Yang and Junru Yang Numerical Simulation of Flow Field Characteristics and Separation Performance Test of Multi-Product Hydrocyclone

This book provides basic concepts and recent advances of fluid flow and transport in unconventional reservoirs across different scales (from pore to core and to reservoir) for a broad range of audiences from various scientific disciplines, such as geology, geoscience, geochemistry, geophysics, rock mechanics, and petroleum engineering.

This work is not intended as a textbook, or as a review, but represents an enquiry into the problem of how and why solid planets produce crusts. As this seems to have happened at many different scales throughout the Solar System, we were curious to see whether some general principles might emerge from the detail. The formation of the planets themselves is the outcome of essentially random processes, constrained mainly by the history of the inner nebula and by the cosmochemical abundances of the chemical elements. But perhaps the production of crusts might be a simpler or more uniform process, a notion supported by the frequent appearance of basaltic lavas of assorted types on the surfaces of rocky bodies. <...>