This book presents standard and special (preferred) geological map symbols that are for use at all stages of map preparation and publication. Drafting specifications are included. The symbols have been endorsed by the Chief Government Geologists' Conference, 1988.

The following are the guiding principles for symbol selection:

• Symbols should be simple, easy to draw, clear, and reproducible on printed maps.

• The symbol which creates a mental image of the object or concept represented is preferred.

• Symbols portraying related objects or concepts should have common characteristics (e.g. oil and gas well symbols).

• Established symbols have been retained, where compatible with the points above.

• There must be a general symbol which can be used where knowledge is incomplete (e.g. a fault symbol that can be used where only the strike of the fault is known).

The abitibi orogenic belt
Archean volcanism and sedimentation in the slave structural province
The filling of the circum-ungava geosyncline he huronian supergroup north of lake huron
The hurwitz group, a prototype for deposition on metastable cratons
The wollaston lake belt, saskatchewan, manitoba, northwest territories
The coronation geosyncline of aphebian age, district of mackenzie
Helikian basins and geosynclines of the northwestern canadian shield
The canadian shield, a status report 1970

Hercynian metamorphism and magmatism in the Cap de Creus peninsula (eastern Pyrenees) occurred contemporaneously with non-coaxial deformation in a transpressive regime. An example of this has been taken from a migmatite complex in the northern coast. The studied area is formed by partially melted sil-limanite schists together with two different suites of igneous rocks: a calc-alkaline magmatic sequence, consisting of small granitoid bodies, and later peraluminous leucogranites and pegmatites. All these rocks occur within a NE-SW- to E-W-trending sub-vertical high-strain zone, where a first schistosity is tightly folded and transposed. The relations between folds and crenulation cleavage in the metasediments and deformational fabrics in the granitoids and migmatites provide good evidence for the penecontemporaneity of deformational processes, magmatism and migmatization. Furthermore, the analysis of cross-cutting relationships between different granitoids as well as the observation of their different degrees of deformation verifies that magmatism in this area took place as synkinematic consecutive intrusions from the more basic magmas to the peraluminous acid dykes.

Down-valley discharge of tailings in a valley storage, where practical, can provide a cost benefit through minimizing the size of the containment embankment. However, down-valley discharge results in water pooling against the containment embankment and the collection of finer, saturated material that can be subject to rapid strength loss. These factors limit the potential for upstream raise construction and can also present a long-term dam break risk if the embankment is not appropriately designed. A down-valley layout can also present an erosion and sediment release risk at closure.